西藏高原地区唾液腺肿瘤的临床病理分析  

Clinicopathological analysis of salivary gland tumors in Tibet Plateau

作　　者：巴桑德吉[1] 索央[1] 旦增念扎[1] 章文博 彭歆[2] 俞光岩[2] 于尧 Basang Deji;Suo Yang;Danzeng Nianzha;ZHANG Wenbo;PENG Xin;YU Guangyan;YU Yao(Department of Oral and Maxilloficial Surgery,Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital,Lasa 851300)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区人民医院口腔科,拉萨851300 [2]北京大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科

出　　处：《现代口腔医学杂志》2024年第5期321-325,共5页Journal of Modern Stomatology

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金组团式医学援藏项目[XZ2024ZR-ZY016(Z)];西藏自治区人民医院科技项目(XZQYY2024007)。

摘　　要：目的分析近10年西藏自治区人民医院口腔科唾液腺肿瘤的发病情况、病理类型等临床特点,以初步了解高原地区唾液腺肿瘤的发病趋势。方法对西藏自治区人民医院2013年至2023年收治的160例唾液腺肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括患者性别、年龄、发病部位、病理类型、手术方式、术后神经功能等。结果160例患者发病年龄2~88岁,平均发病年龄42.6岁,发病高峰期为20~60岁,男女比为0.93:1,良恶性比为7:1,恶性肿瘤的男女比(2.33:1)明显高于良性肿瘤(0.79:1)(P<0.05)。最常见的良恶性肿瘤为多形性腺瘤(101例),非特异性腺癌(5例)。唾液腺肿瘤的发生部位以腮腺最多,约占63.1%(101/160),其次为颌下腺(20%)、腭部小唾液腺(16.3%)。160例唾液腺肿瘤的平均肿瘤最大径为4.17cm。部分腮腺切除术的手术时间和术后面神经损伤的概率明显低于腮腺浅叶切除术(P<0.05)。结论西藏自治区的唾液腺肿瘤病人数量逐年增加,患者主要来自拉萨周边地区。唾液腺恶性肿瘤的发生率男性明显高于女性。多形性腺瘤、非特异性腺癌是最常见的唾液腺良恶性肿瘤。相比于腮腺浅叶切除术,部分腮腺切除术能明显缩短腮腺良性肿瘤患者手术时间、降低面神经损伤的风险。Objective To analyze the incidence of salivary gland tumors in the Department of Stomatology,Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital in the past 10 years,so as to preliminarily understand the incidence trend of salivary gland tumors In high-altitude regions.Methods The clinical data of 160 patients with salivary gland tumors admitted to Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from 2013 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,including gender,age,location of tumors,pathological types,surgical methods and postoperative neurological function.Results Among the 160 patients,the age of onset ranged from 2 to 88 years,with an average age of 42.4 years.The peak period of tumor incidence was 20~60 years old.The ratio of male to female was 0.93:1,and the ratio of benign to malignant ratio was 7:1,the ratio of male to female for malignant tumors(2.33:1)was significantly higher than that for benign tumors(0.79:1)(P<0.05).The most common benign and malignant tumors were pleomorphic adenoma(101 cases)and nonspecific adenocarcinoma(5 cases).Parotid gland was the most common site of salivary gland tumor,accounting for 63.1%(101/160),followed by submandibular gland(20%)and palatal minor salivary gland(16.3%).The mean maximum diameter of 160 salivary gland tumors was 4.17 cm.The operative time and probability of facial nerve injury after partial parotidectomy were significantly lower than those after superficial parotidectomy(P<0.05).Conclusion The number of patients with salivary gland tumors in the Tibet Autonomous Region has increased year by year,mainly from the surrounding areas of Lhasa.The incidence of salivary gland malignancy is significantly higher in males than in females.Pleomorphic adenoma and non-specific adenocarcinoma are the most common benign and malignant salivary gland tumors.Compared with superficial parotidectomy,partial parotidectomy can significantly shorten theoperative time and reduce the risk of facial nerve injury in patients with benign parotid tumors.

关 键 词：唾液腺 肿瘤 多形性腺瘤 部分腮腺切除术 回顾性分析 

分 类 号：R739.8[医药卫生—肿瘤]