法益概念的解释指导功能:方法论上的澄清  

The Interpretative Guiding Function of Legal Interest Concept:A Methodological Clarification

作　　者：何沛锡 He Peixi(Criminal Legal Science Research Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2024年第6期90-100,共11页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2023年国家留学基金管理委员会“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”(项目编号:202306360214)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：受概念思维之解释思路的影响,既有观点将法益概念的解释指导功能与目的解释方法相关联。这种方法论定位既忽视了法益概念作为可受因果性损害之客观对象的存在论面向,又狭隘地理解了罪刑规范目的之内容。应当在类型思维的解释思路下重新审视法益概念具有解释指导功能这一现象。类型思维的解释思路是以类型之“事物本质”为中间参照物的归类式判断方法。作为犯罪行为所侵害之客体,法益恰好是法益侵害说的支持者从客观违法性论的角度出发对犯罪行为类型之“事物本质”的总结。法益概念的解释指导功能是指法益作为犯罪类型之“事物本质”所发挥的帮助解释者进行归类判断的功能。这种解释指导功能是归类性的而非阐释性的、是区别于目的解释方法的实质解释方法、是具有适用范围以及适用结论上局限性的。Influenced by the interpretation approach of conceptual thinking,the existing views associate the interpretive guiding function of the legal interest concept with the teleological interpretation method.This methodological positioning not only overlooks the ontological aspect of the legal interest concept as an objective object susceptible to causal damage but also narrowly understands the content of the purpose of penal norms.The phenomenon of the legal interest concept having an interpretive guiding function should be re-examined under the interpretive approach of typological thinking.The interpretive approach of typological thinking is a classification-based judgment method that uses the “essence of things” of a type as an intermediate reference.As the object harmed by criminal behavior,legal interests are precisely the summary of the “essence of things” of criminal behavior types from the perspective of objective illegality theory by supporters of the legal interest infringement theory.The interpretive guiding function of the legal interest concept refers to the function of legal interests as the “essence of things” of crime types in helping interpreters make classification judgments.This interpretive guiding function is classificatory rather than explanatory,which is a substantive interpretation method distinct from the teleological interpretation method and has limitations in terms of scope of application and conclusions.

关 键 词：法益概念解释指导功能 目的解释 概念思维 类型思维 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]