偶然扣押所获另案证据程序规制研究  

A Study on Procedural Regulation of Chance Seizure of Evidence Obtained in Another Case

作　　者：艾明[1] 庄嘉伟 AI Ming;ZHUANG Jia-wei

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学刑事检察研究中心,重庆401120 [2]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期88-100,共13页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划重点项目“我国刑事证据使用禁止理论体系构建研究”(2018ZDFX04)。

摘　　要：偶然扣押所得另案证据具有获取被动性和偶然性、合法性证明滞后性以及证明对象“随机性”等特点,会在刑事程序、刑事证据以及诉讼主体权利(力)等方面对传统扣押程序产生影响。对于另案证据的适用,司法实践中存在重打击犯罪、轻公民个人保障,不规范获取另案证据,证据质证权得不到保障等问题。究其根本,在于现行制度对另案扣押合法性、偶然扣押的程序要求以及证据质证权保障等规范不足。由此,在参酌域外制度基础上,应在证据获取渠道、证据合法性证明等方面明晰另案证据合法性,从被害人及检察机关视角强化对偶然扣押的监督制约力度,并以完善另案证据在另案中的适用机制、明确侦查人员的法庭身份、细化法官审查标准等方式强化另案证据质证的保障机制。Separate case evidence obtained by chance seizure is characterized by passivity and serendipity in obtaining,delays in proving legality,and“randomness”of the object of proof,and will affect traditional seizure procedures in terms of criminal procedures,criminal evidence,and the rights(power)of litigants.Regarding the application of evidence in separate cases,in judicial practice,there are some problems such as heavy crackdown on crime,light on citizens’personal protection,irregular acquisition of evidence in separate cases,and lack of protection of the right to examine evidence.The root of this lies in the inadequate regulations of the current system regarding the legality of detention in separate cases,the procedural requirements for chance seizure,and the protection of the right to cross examine evidence.Thus,in view of the extraterritorial system,it is necessary to clarify the legality of evidence in other cases in terms of evidence acquisition channels,proof of the legality of evidence,etc.,strengthen supervision and control of chance seizure from the perspective of victims and procuratorial authorities,and enhance the guarantee mechanism for examining evidence in another case by improving the mechanism for applying evidence in another case,clarifying the court status of investigators,and refining the examination standards for judges.

关 键 词：刑事扣押 偶然扣押 另案证据 程序规制 制度完善 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]