基于学生主体性的高校师生互动评价指标体系构建  

Research on the Construction of an Evaluation Index System for Teacher-Student Interaction in Universities Based on Student Subjectivity

作　　者：朱建梅 邵景润 Zhu Jianmei;Shao Jingrun(School of Public Administration,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310058;School of Marxism,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]清华大学马克思主义学院,北京100084

出　　处：《高校辅导员学刊》2024年第6期83-90,96,共9页Journal of College Advisor

基　　金：浙江大学第十一期学生思想政治教育与管理研究课题“基于学生需求的高校师生互动指标体系构建”(2023ZDSZYB05);2023年浙江省教育厅大学生思想政治教育专项课题“两个结合引领青年理想信念教育研究”(Y202352004)。

摘　　要：高校师生互动对于引导学生发展、化解师生矛盾、构建和谐校园具有重要价值,是一个具有生命周期的动态行为。基于文献梳理,文章围绕高校师生互动评价的主题,沿着“互动产生—互动过程—互动结果”的逻辑脉络构建了互动评价指标体系。以浙江大学师生互动状况问卷调查数据为基础,使用熵值法和最小二乘法开展实证分析,研究发现:第一,互动过程的主导权、互动活动的常态化、互动时间节点的确定在互动成效中占据着主导地位;第二,高校师生互动指数在学生个体特征和教师类别上呈现显著的异质性;第三,学历层次和家庭氛围对互动综合指数和互动结果指数有显著促进作用。研究认为:在思路上,应该贯彻高校师生互动评价指标体系的评价测度,促进现象科学化;在短期中,应该加强对学生的分层分类管理,切实调整高校教师尤其是辅导员的教育方式,发挥学生自主性;在长期中,应该着重学生交流能力的培养,发挥家庭教育与学校教育、家庭关系与师生关系的协同效用。Teacher-student interaction in universities is of great value for guiding student development,resolving teacher-student conflicts,and building a harmonious campus.It is a dynamic behavior with a life cycle.Based on a literature review,this paper constructs an evaluation index system for teacherstudent interaction in universities,following the logical sequence of"interaction generation-interaction process-interaction outcome".Using questionnaire survey data on teacher-student-interaction from Zhejiang University and employing the entropy method and least squares method for empirical analysis,the study finds:First,the dominance of the interaction process,normalization of interaction activities,and determination of interaction time nodes play a leading role in the effectiveness of interaction.Second,the teacher-student interaction index shows significant heterogeneity in terms of student individual characteristics and teacher types.Third,the level of education and family atmosphere significantly promote the comprehensive interaction index and interaction outcome index.The study suggests:In terms of approach,the evaluation measurement of the teacher-student interaction evaluation index system in universities should be implemented to promote the scientific understanding of phenomena.In the short term,student classification management should be strengthened,and the educational methods of university teachers,especially advisors,should be adjusted to enhance student autonomy.In the long term,the focus should be on cultivating students'communication skills and leveraging the synergistic effects of family education and school education,as well as family relationships and teacher-student relationships.

关 键 词：学生主体性 师生互动 指标体系 综合评价 熵值法 

分 类 号：G641[文化科学—高等教育学]