《塔纳赫》“毁灭”叙事的文学伦理学研究  

An Ethical Literary Reading of the Destruction Narrative in Tanakh

作　　者：莫铮宜 Mo Zhengyi

机构地区：[1]浙江越秀外国语学院英语学院

出　　处：《语言与文化论坛》2024年第1期82-94,共13页Forums of Language and Culture

摘　　要：《塔纳赫》①中的大洪水灭世、降火所多玛和耶路撒冷倾覆都是典型的“毁灭”叙事,从文学伦理学批评的视角看,这些叙事是伦理性的,它们共同的“罪-罚-恩典”的叙事结构传递出鲜明的神学伦理主题,旨在对古代以色列民族进行基于律法的道德教诲和警戒。对两河流域相关神话的考察与比较表明,《塔纳赫》中的这些“毁灭”叙事在很大程度上借鉴并改造了前者,它们以一神论的视角消解了两河神话中多神的神谱体系,并引入了善恶的价值判断,从而构建了自身。这一构建促成了基于伦理特征的雅威②一神论及神人关系的确立,成为流放时期以色列群体支持和深化申命历史观的重要材料。The Deluge story,the fire of Sodom and the fall of Jerusalem in Tanakh are three typical destruction narratives,which are ethical in nature from the perspective of ethical literary criticism.The common structure of"sin-punishment-grace"of these narratives conveys a clear theological ethicals theme,and it aims to provide law-based moral teaching and warning to the ancient Israelites.Through a comparison study with the myths of Mesopotamia,the paper shows that the versions of these destruction narratives are ideological recreations of the Mesopotamian versions,in that it dispelled the multi-divine theogony system from the perspective of the Jewish monotheism,and introduced the notion of good and evil.In addition,these narratives have contributed to the establishment of Yahweh's monotheism and the promotion of divine-human relationship.It became important materials for the Jewish people to support and consolidate the view of Deuteronomic history during the period of Babylonian exile.

关 键 词：《塔纳赫》 “毁灭”叙事 文学伦理学批评 两河流域神话 申命历史观 

分 类 号：I0-05[文学—文学理论]