戒空与崇实:宋恕与求是书院的哲学教育  

Be Alert to Emptiness and Advocate Practicality:Song Shu and the Philosophy Education of Qiushi Academy

作　　者：杨宗杰 YANG Zongjie(Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学,杭州310058

出　　处：《温州职业技术学院学报》2024年第3期24-31,共8页Journal of Wenzhou Polytechnic

摘　　要：宋恕于光绪二十七年(1901)五月至九月在杭州求是书院担任汉文总教习,教授书院头班高等生。院中学生极喜向他求教问学,对他莫不敬仰,师生情谊颇深,其中有三件事与“哲学”关联较深。一是作《戒高空》一文警示书院诸生,明确向他们传达了“哲学”这一新词,并从哲学的高度劝诫诸生避免空洞学风,而应崇尚实学、实事求是。二是为书院学生出“论理学”(即今逻辑学)考题,这是目前所见浙江大学史料中最早一份明确属于哲学学科的考题。三是离职后作《留别杭州求是书院诸生诗》向诸生推介古今哲人,尤其多举浙江先哲,以示勉励。宋恕是近代中国最早使用“哲学”这一词语的人之一,他所教授的求是诸生应该也是近代中国最早一批接受哲学教育(最早得知“哲学”一词)的学生。他在求是书院所开展的哲学与思想文化教育,无疑居当时浙江乃至全国哲学教育之领先地位。From May to September in the 27th year of the Guangxu reign (1901),Song Shu served as the head teacher of Chinese at the Qiushi Academy,teaching the first class of higher education students in the academy.Students were extremely fond of asking him questions,and they all admired him.The teacher-student relationship was quite deep,and three of these things were deeply related to “philosophy”.Firstly,Song Shu wrote an article titled Be Alert to Over-ambitiousness and Emptiness to warn the students of the academy,clearly conveying the new term “philosophy” to them,and from a philosophical perspective,urging them to avoid an empty academic style and instead advocate practical learning and seeking truth from facts.Secondly,Song Shu provided students with the “logic” exam questions,which is currently the earliest exam questions in the historical documents of Zhejiang University that clearly belongs to the field of philosophy.Thirdly,after Song Shu resigned,he wrote the Poems of Farewell to Hangzhou Qiushi Academy Scholars,recommending ancient and modern philosophers to all students,especially by citing the ancient philosophers of Zhejiang as encouragement for students.Song Shu was one of the earliest people in modern China to use the term “philosophy”,and the students he taught should also be among the earliest students in modern China to receive philosophical education (who were the first to know the term “philosophy”).The philosophy,and the thought and cultural education he conducted at the Qiushi Academy undoubtedly held a leading position in philosophy education in Zhejiang and even in the whole country at that time.

关 键 词：宋恕 求是书院 《戒高空》 论理学 哲学 

分 类 号：B259.9[哲学宗教—中国哲学]