不同屈光状态儿童青少年黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度变化分析  

Changes in the subfoveal choroidal thickness of children and adolescents with different refractive states

作　　者：张金玲[1] 廖宇洁[1] 于晓彦 杨琪 康佳青 陆佳雯 陈晨 朱皓皓[1] ZHANG Jinling;LIAO Yujie;YU Xiaoyan;YANG Qi;KANG Jiaqing;LU Jiawen;CHEN Chen(ZHU Haohao Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院,上海市200240

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2024年第11期883-886,共4页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：闵行区自然科学研究项目(编号:2022MHZ021)。

摘　　要：目的应用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)观察不同屈光状态儿童青少年人群的黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度(SFCT)变化。方法跟踪观察171例儿童青少年,根据受试者入组时年龄分为小学低年级组(6~8岁)、小学高年级组(9~11岁)、初中组(12~14岁),均进行屈光相关检查(包括最佳矫正视力、屈光度、眼压、角膜曲率、眼轴长度和SFCT),完成半年两次(初查及半年后复查)的数据收集,比较各组间受试者眼球参数和半年前后各眼球参数的变化。结果各年龄组受试者间眼轴长度、SFCT相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。儿童青少年随年龄增长,眼轴长度逐渐延长,SFCT逐渐增厚;而眼压、角膜曲率与年龄增长均无关(均为P>0.05)。无论初查还是半年后复查,各年龄组不同屈光状态受试者眼压、角膜曲率及SFCT比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),各年龄组近视受试者较非近视受试者眼轴明显延长,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001)。半年后复查,小学低年级组及小学高年级组非近视受试者SFCT均明显增厚(P<0.001、P=0.003),而各年龄组近视者SFCT与半年前比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);所有受试者初查和半年后复查,眼轴长度与SFCT均呈正相关(r=0.354、0.228,P<0.05)。结论在儿童青少年人群中,近视会影响SFCT的增加。Objective To observe the changes in the subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)of children and adolescents with different refractive states using optical coherence tomography angiography.Methods A total of 171 children and adolescents were followed.They were divided into the lower primary school group(6-8 years old),upper primary school group(9-11 years old),and junior high school group(12-14 years old)according to their age at the time of enrollment.Dioptric examinations(including best corrected visual acuity,diopter,intraocular pressure,corneal curvature,axial length and SFCT)were performed,data collection was conducted twice in half a year(initial examination and review after half a year),and the eyeball parameters and changes in eyeball parameters after half a year among all groups were compared.Results The axial length and SFCT of subjects had significant differences among all groups(both P<0.05).In children and adolescents,the axial length gradually lengthened and SFCT gradually thickened with age,while intraocular pressure and corneal curvature were not associated with age(both P>0.05).In the initial examination and review after half a year,there was no significant difference in intraocular pressure,corneal curvature and SFCT of subjects with different refractive states in all groups(all P>0.05),while the axial length of myopic subjects was greater than that of non-myopic subjects in all groups(all P<0.05).In the review after half a year,the SFCT of non-myopic subjects in the lower primary school group and upper primary school group was significantly thickened(P<0.001,P=0.003),while there was no significant difference in SFCT of myopic subjects in all groups compared with the value half a year ago(all P>0.05).The axial length of all subjects showed a positive correlation with the SFCT in the initial examination and review after half a year(r=0.354,0.228,P<0.05).Conclusion Myopia affects the increase in SFCT in children and adolescents.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度 屈光状态 近视 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]