不同间作模式对茶树叶片光合作用及解剖结构的影响  

Photosynthesis and anatomy structure of tea tree leaves under different intercropping patterns

作　　者：肖梦娜 扈月豪 蓝增全 罗义菊 陶燕蓝 王德新 XIAO Mengna;HU Yuehao;LAN Zengquan;LUO Yiju;TAO Yanlan;WANG Dexin(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Ancient Tea Tree Resources,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Engineering Research Centre for the Development and Utilization of Forest Resources in Universities and Colleges of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650224 [2]云南省古茶树资源保护与利用研究中心,昆明650224 [3]云南省高校大健康类森林资源开发利用工程研究中心,昆明650224

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2024年第11期1703-1713,共11页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家林业和草原局科技项目(2019130004-149);云南省重大科技专项(202002AA100007);“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0207);西南林业大学科学研究预研项目(110822090)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同间作模式下茶树光合生理及叶片结构的变化,为构建茶树理想栽培模式以及推动茶园可持续发展提供理论依据。【方法】以马缨花-茶(MT)、冬樱花-茶(DT)、核桃-茶(HT)及纯茶园(CK)4种栽培模式茶树为对象,观测春秋两季它们的光合生态功能及叶片解剖结构参数,并分析两类指标间的相关性。【结果】3种间作模式显著降低茶园茶树的光合有效辐射通量及春季茶树叶片温度,它们的净光合速率、蒸腾速率春秋两季大致呈先上升后下降的单峰曲线变化,并均与CK差异显著。春秋两季各间作模式茶树叶片的栅栏组织厚度、叶片厚度都显著低于CK。春季光合有效辐射通量与栅栏组织厚度、栅海比、组织结构紧密度呈显著正相关,与组织结构疏松度呈显著负相关;秋季净光合速率与组织结构紧密度呈显著正相关。【结论】间作有效改变了茶园茶树的相关光合生理指标,并以MT和DT模式效果更显著;茶树能逐渐改变叶片形态以适应不同的间作环境;茶树叶片栅栏组织厚度、下表皮厚度、栅海比、组织结构紧密度可作为判断其光合能力的重要指标。[Objective]The study aims to investigate the changes of photosynthetic physiology and leaf structure of tea trees under different intercropping patterns and to provide theoretical basis for the con struction of ideal cultivation pattern of tea trees and the promotion of sustainable development of tea plan-tation.[Methods]With the tea trees grown under four intercropping patterns as materials,including Rho-dodendron delavayi-tea(MT),Prunus cerasoides-tea(DT),Juglans regia-tea(HT),and pure tea plan-tation(CK),we investigated the changes of physiological and ecological functions of the tea trees and the anatomical structure of leaf blades in spring and autumn.The data were analyzed by single factor test and correlation analysis.[Results]The three intercropping modes significantly reduced the photosynthetically active radiation flux and leaf temperature of the tea plants in tea plantations,and the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of different intercropping patterns in spring and autumn showed a single-peak curve with first increase and then decrease,which had significant difference between CK and other inter-cropping patterns.Thickness of the fenestrated tissues and leaves of tea trees under different intercropping patterns in spring and autumn were significantly lower than that of CK.In spring,photosynthetically ac-tive radiant flux was significantly positively correlated with thickness of palisade tissues,ratio of palisade to sponge tissue,and the cell tense ratio,while negatively correlated with the cell looseness ratio.In au-tumn,the net photosynthetic rate was significantly positively correlated with the tightness of tissue struc-ture.[Conclusion]Intercropping patterns affect the photosynthetic indexes of the tea trees,and MT and DT are most effective.Tea trees grown under different intercropping patterns gradually change leaf mor-phology to adapt to their environment.The thickness of palisade tissues,lower epidermal thickness,ratio of palisade to sponge tissue,and the cell tense ratio can be used

关 键 词：茶树 间作模式 光合特性 叶片解剖结构 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学] S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]