2002—2020年甘肃民勤连古城自然保护区土地利用及景观格局时空变化特征  

Spatiotemporal changes of land use and landscape pattern in Gansu Minqin Liangucheng Nature Reserve from 2002 to 2020

作　　者：李春霖 汤萃文[1] 卢国春 王亚宁 李凡凡 王蕊 LI Cunlin;TANG Cuiwen;LU Guochun;WANG Rui;LI Fanfan;WANG Yaning(College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第5期31-42,共12页Ecological Science

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划(22JR5RA328);甘肃省科技厅重点研发项目(18YF1NA015)。

摘　　要：研究借助ArcGIS和RS技术,以2002—2020年五期的TM影像和Landsat影像为数据源,结合实地调查数据,采用转移矩阵法、景观格局指数法对连古城国家级自然保护区土地利为用时空变化特征和景观格局动态变化特征进行分析,结果表明:保护区主要的土地类型草地、沙地和林地,面积和占比为93.08%—93.26%。2020年保护区耕地、林地、盐碱地面积较2002年增加,建设用地、沙地减少,裸土地面积不变;2013年后林地、草地稳定增长,耕地、沙地、建设用地面积下降。保护区各类景观格局指数变化较小,各土地利用类型的分维度指数和聚集度指数差异较小。林地和沙地的最大斑块指数逐年下降,景观形状指数则逐年缓慢增加,破碎化程度升高但增加程度极小。保护区土地利用类型结构与景观格局变化的主要驱动力为人为因素、沙尘因素和植被因素。整体水平上看,保护区景观破碎度保持稳定,整个生态系统土地利用不丰富,生态稳定度低。Using ArcGIS and RS technology,this study took TM images and Landsat images in 2002-2020 as data sources and combined with field research data.The temporal and spatial change characteristics of land use and the dynamic change characteristics of landscape pattern in Liangucheng National reserve were analyzed by using the transfer matrix method and the landscape pattern index method,and the result showed that the main land types of the reserve were grassland,sandy land and woodland,with a total area of 93.08%-93.26%.In 2020,the area of cultivated land,woodland and saline-alkali land increased compared with 2002,while the area of construction land and sandy land decreased,while the area of bare land remained constant.After 2013,woodland and grassland increased steadily,while the area of arable land,sandy land and construction land decreased.The changes of landscape pattern indexes of different types in the reserve were small,and the differences of fractional dimensional index and aggregation index of different land use types were small.The maximum patch index of woodland and sandy land decreased year by year,while the landscape shape index increased slowly year by year,and the degree of fragmentation increased but the increase degree was very small.The main driving forces of land use structure and landscape pattern change were human factors,sand and vegetation factors.On the whole,the landscape fragmentation degree of the reserve remained stable,and the whole ecosystem was not rich in land use,and ecological stability was low.This study is of great significance to land rational planning and ecological restoration in Minqin Liangucheng National Nature Reserve.

关 键 词：荒漠类自然保护区 土地利用类型 景观格局 民勤 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]