降解聚乙烯醇的尖孢镰刀菌鉴定与性能研究  

Identification of a PVA-degrading Strain of Fusarium oxysporum and Its Degradation Performance

作　　者：张欣 刘畅 陈惠[1] 宋居易[1] ZHANG Xin;LIU Chang;CHEN Hui;SONG Ju-yi(Jiangsu Yanjiang Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Nantong 226012,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,江苏南通226012

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2024年第10期47-53,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(21)3133];江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所青年科技基金项目[YJ(2021)009]。

摘　　要：通过筛选、分离、纯化,从降解的塑料手柄中获得1株经鉴定为尖孢镰刀菌的菌株,命名为PDBF01(CGMCC No.40272)。塑料聚合物的筛选试验结果表明:PDBF01仅表现出对聚乙烯醇(PVA)的降解性,对聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯或聚乳酸没有活性;接种浓度、温度和降解时间对PDBF01的PVA降解率有显著影响;PDBF01在28℃和25%接种浓度下对PVA产生显著降解效应;在21 d后降解率达到最高(51.26%);通过添加电解质(K^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Fe^(2+)和Ca^(2+)),PDBF01对PVA的降解率进一步提高到58.83%。因此,PDBF01在实际应用中可作为一种潜在的、高效的PVA降解菌株。A strain of Fusarium oxysporum was obtained from a degraded plastic handle through screening,separation and purification,and was designated PDBF01(CGMCC No.40272).The screening assay of plastic polymers showed that PDBF01 only exhibited the degradability to polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),but had no activity to polyvinyl chloride,polypropylene or polylactic acid.PVA degradation efficiency of PDBF01 was significantly affected by inoculum concentration,temperature and degradation time.PDBF01 produced significant degradation of PVA under 28℃and 25%inoculum concentration.Moreover,the highest degradation rate reached 51.26%after 21 days.PVA degradation rate of PDBF01 was further increased to 58.83%by the addition of electrolytes(K^(+),Mg^(2+),Fe^(2+)and Ca^(2+)).Therefore,PDBF01 can be used as a potential and efficient PVA-degrading strain in practical application.

关 键 词：尖孢镰刀菌 聚乙烯醇 生物鉴定 降解性能 

分 类 号：Q939.99[生物学—微生物学]