不同含水量和添加剂对辣椒秸秆青贮品质及营养价值的影响  

Effects of different moisture content and additives on the quality and nutritional value of pepper straw silage

作　　者：程志泽 伊斯拉依·达吾提[1] 艾比布拉·伊马木 万江春[1] CHENG Zhize;Yisilayi·Dawuti;Aibibula·Yimamu;WAN Jiangchun(College of Prataculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第10期2435-2449,共15页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目“新疆地源性生物发酵饲料调配关键技术研究”(2022B02042-2)。

摘　　要：以末次收获辣椒(Capsicum annuum)后的新鲜秸秆为原料,通过预干燥将含水量调整为73%(H)、65%(M)、55%(L),添加剂使用1.0×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)植物乳杆菌(W1)、1.0×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)植物乳杆菌+0.15 g·kg^(-1)纤维素酶(W2)、0.5×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)植物乳杆菌+0.5×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)枯草芽孢杆菌(W3)、1.0×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)植物乳杆菌+4%糖蜜(W4)、0.15 g·kg^(-1)纤维素酶(W5),以不加任何添加剂(W0)为对照组,常温青贮60 d后研究不同含水量和添加剂对辣椒秸秆青贮品质和营养价值的影响,并确定最优水分及添加剂处理条件。结果表明,含水量、添加剂及其互交作用对辣椒秸秆青贮品质有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)影响。含水量为M时青贮粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、乳酸(LA)含量及相对饲用价值(RFV)最高,pH、NH3-N/TN最低,青贮效果最好,其次是L含水量;添加剂使用W3、W4时,青贮的干物质(DM)、CP、WSC、LA含量及RFV高于其他添加剂,而pH、NH3-N/TN低于其他添加剂。结合感官评价、综合价值评定、康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)和体外试验对辣椒秸秆青贮进行综合评价表明,MW3综合效果最好,其次为MW4。综上,辣椒秸秆青贮适宜含水量为M,添加剂使用W3或W4效果最佳,可在实际生产中推荐使用。This experiment used the fresh straw after the last harvest of pepper(Capsicum annuum)as raw material.The moisture content was adjusted to 73%(H),65%(M),or 55%(L)by pre-drying,and the additives used were 1.0×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)Lactobacillus plantarum(W1),1.0×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)L.plantarum+0.15 g·kg^(-1)cellulase(W2),0.5×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)L.plantarum+0.5×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)Bacillus subtilis(W3),1.0×10^(6)cfu·g^(-1)L.plantarum+4%molasses(W4),0.15 g·kg^(-1)cellulase(W5),or with no additives(W0)as the control group.After 60 d of silage at room temperature,the effects of different water content and additives on the quality and nutritional value of pepper straw silage were studied,and the optimal moisture content and additive treatment were determined.The results revealed that moisture content,additives,and their interaction had significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)effects on the quality of pepper straw silage.When the moisture content was M,the contents of crude protein(CP),ether extraction,water-soluble carbohydrates(WSC),lactic acid(LA),and relative feed value(RFV)were the highest,pH and NH3-N/TN were the lowest,and the silage quality was the best.The second-best water content was L.When W3 and W4 were used as additives,the dry matter,CP,WSC,LA,and RFV contents of the silage were higher than those of the other additives,while the pH and NH3-N/TN were lower.Combined with sensory evaluation,comprehensive value evaluation,Cornell Net carbohydrate protein system and in vitro tests,the MW3 combination revealed the best comprehensive effect,followed by MW4.In summary,the most suitable water content of pepper straw silage is M,and the use of additives W3 or W4 had the best effect on silage quality;hence,these can be recommended for actual silage production.

关 键 词：有氧稳定性 辣椒 发酵品质 体外产气法 相对饲用价值 感官评价 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]