2014年与2021年山西省眼科资源和服务能力发展的比较研究  

Comparison and analysis of ophthalmic resources and service ability in Shanxi Province in 2014 and 2021

作　　者：薛江平 程露 沈婧 陈思茹 杨彩珍[1] Xue Jiangping;Cheng Lu;Shen Jing;Chen Siru;Yang Caizhen(Shanxi Eye Hospital,Taiyuan 030002,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省眼科医院,太原030002

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2024年第10期838-844,共7页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

基　　金：山西省科技战略研究专项(202104031402147)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2014和2021年山西省眼科资源和服务能力, 为制订眼科发展规划和开展眼健康工作提供参考。方法横断面调查。分别于2015和2022年对山西省11个地市所有2014年底和2021年底前在卫生行政主管部门注册并开设眼科的医疗机构(眼科机构), 使用全国眼科能力资源调查表(国家卫生健康委员会医政医管局统一编制)进行问卷调查, 记录并比较2014年与2021年眼科机构的基本情况以及人力资源情况、眼科设备配置、医疗技术和服务能力等。采用χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。结果 2015年共收集270家眼科机构的270份调查表, 2022年共收集292家眼科机构的292份调查表。眼科机构类别2014年(综合医院眼科197家、眼科专科医院31家、其他42家)与2021年(综合医院眼科182家、眼科专科医院45家、其他65家)相比, 分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。基于2014年, 2021年眼科机构中高级职称医师占比由25.5%(346/1 358)增加至41.7%(580/1 391), 高级技术人员占比由9.4%(14/148)增加至25.3%(110/435), 初级职称医师占比由42.1%(572/1 358)减少至26.5%(369/1 391), 初级技术人员占比由45.3%(67/148)减少至39.1%(170/435), 眼科机构中医师和技术人员的职称分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与2014年相比, 2021年眼科机构中一级眼科机构的医师(130人减至28人)、护理人员(152人减至50人)、技术人员(33人减至11人)和专职验光师人数(44人减至12人)均减少。与2014年相比, 2021年配置眼科A超检查仪、眼底照相机、相干光层析成像术设备的眼科机构覆盖百分比增加量(35.1%、28.9%和25.4%)较大, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2021年开展超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术、玻璃体注药术和虹膜等相关手术的眼科机构覆盖百分比增加量(30.2%、24.7%和20.7%)较大, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论从2014至2021年山西省眼科医疗资源及服务能力总体有所发展, 但仍ObjectiveTo compare and analyze the ophthalmic resources and service ability in Shanxi Province in 2014 and 2021,and to provide reference for the development planning of ophthalmology and eye care.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study,a questionnaire survey was conducted among all ophthalmic institutions registered in the health administrative department in 11 cities of Shanxi Province by the end of 2014 and 2021 by using the National Ophthalmology Competency Resource Questionnaire(compiled by the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Commission).The basic situations of ophthalmic institutions in 2014 and 2021,as well as the human resources,ophthalmic equipment configuration,technology and medical service capabilities,were recorded and compared.The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 270 questionnaires for 2014 were collected from 270 ophthalmic institutions,and 292 questionnaires for 2021 from 292 ophthalmic institutions.The institution categories in 2014(197 general hospitals,31 eye hospitals and 42 others)were statistically different from those in 2021(182 general hospitals,45 eye hospitals and 65 others)(P<0.05).The proportion of doctors with senior titles in ophthalmic institutions increased from 25.5%(346/1358)in 2014 to 41.7%(580/1391)in 2021,the proportion of senior technicians increased from 9.4%(14/148)to 25.3%(110/435),the proportion of doctors with junior titles decreased from 42.1%(572/1358)to 26.5%(369/1391),and the proportion of junior technicians decreased from 45.3%(67/148)to 39.1%(170/435).There was a significant difference in the distribution of professional titles between doctors and technicians in ophthalmic institutions(P<0.05).The number of doctors(130 to 28),nurses(152 to 50),technicians(33 to 11)and full-time optometrists(44 to 12)in the first-class ophthalmic institutions decreased,the increase of equipment with the ophthalmic A-ultrasound scan system,fundus camera and coherent optical tomography system(35.1%,28.9

关 键 词：眼科学 人员开发 资源配置 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]