Meta分析生物炭对我国农田土壤的增汇减排效应  

Impact of Biochar Application on Soil Carbon Sink and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Farmlands in China:a Meta-Analysis

作　　者：周静雯[1] 向钦佩 项金金 周子卿 李佳琪 徐尚起 周际海 ZHOU Jing-wen;XIANG Qin-pei;XIANG Jin-jin;ZHOU Zi-qing;LI Jia-qi;XU Shang-qi;ZHOU Ji-hai(Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem inWanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education,School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期422-429,共8页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41661065);安徽省科技厅自然科学基金项目(2108085MD128);安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-075).

摘　　要：生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂,对土壤碳汇功能也有着重要影响,在农业和生态修复等领域有很好的应用前景。为系统评估生物炭对农田土壤碳汇和温室效应的影响,本研究采用Meta分析整合了中国知网中204篇(1079个试验组)关于生物炭施入农田土壤后土壤有机碳(SOC)及温室气体排放相关指标变化的文献研究结果。结果表明,生物炭施入土壤后显著增强了土壤碳汇功能,SOC及其不同碳组分均显著增加,SOC增幅达47.97%,可溶性有机碳和微生物量碳分别增加17.99%和27.45%,不同粒级团聚体中的有机碳含量增幅介于13.63%~62.41%,其中<0.053mm团聚体的增幅最高。其次,生物炭施入农田土壤后有明显的减排效应,土壤氧化亚氮和甲烷排放量分别降低了23.7%和21.27%,虽然二氧化碳排放量增加了20.28%,但土壤温室气体排放全球增温潜势降低了9.7%,此外,土壤有机碳累积矿化速率也显著降低。总之,生物炭施用可显著促进农田土壤的增汇减排作用,其广泛应用不仅有利于农田土壤的改良,更有利于“碳达峰,碳中和”目标的早日实现。Biochar,as a soil amendment,has significant effects on soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions,making it has great application prospects in agriculture and ecological restoration.To systematically evaluate the impact of biochar on soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse effects,this study conducted a Meta-analysis by integrating 204 articles(with a total of 1,079 experimental groups)from the China National Knowl-edge Infrastructure(CNKI)database concerning changes in soil organic carbon(SOC)and related greenhouse gas emission indicators after biochar application.The results indicated that the addition of biochar significantly en-hanced soil carbon sequestration,with a significant increase observed in SOC and its carbon components.The in-crease in SOC was approximately 47.97%,while soluble organic carbon and microbial carbon increased by 17.99%and 27.45%,respectively.The organic carbon content in different particle-size aggregates increased by 13.63%to 62.41%,with the highest increase observed in aggregates<0.053 mm.Moreover,biochar application in farmland resulted in significant emissions reduction,with emissions of nitrous oxide and methane decreasing by 23.7%and 21.27%,respectively.Although carbon dioxide emissions increased by 20.28%,the global warm-ing potential of soil greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 9.47%.Additionally,the rate of soil organic carbon mineralization was significantly reduced.In conclusion,the application of biochar can significantly promote car-bon sequestration and emission reduction in farmland soils,thus,its widespread adoption not only benefits soil improvement but also contributes to the achievement of the"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"goals.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤固碳 温室气体排放 META分析 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]