身体活动改善注意缺陷多动障碍和孤独症谱系障碍儿童睡眠功能的系统综述  

Effect of physical activity on sleep function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder:a systematic review

作　　者：杨同念 任杰 肖辉[2] 范小艳 YANG Tongnian;REN Jie;XIAO Hui;FAN Xiaoyan(School of Athletic Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Physical Education and Health,Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330038,China;Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330044,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学竞技运动学院,上海市200438 [2]江西科技师范大学体育与健康学院,江西南昌市330038 [3]南昌理工学院,江西南昌市330044

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2024年第10期1133-1139,共7页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期项目(No.23FTYA006);中国残联课题(No.2023CDPFAT-29)。

摘　　要：目的系统评估身体活动对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)和孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童睡眠功能的效果。方法检索中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed、PsycINFO、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus数据库相关文献进行系统综述,检索时限为建库至2024年8月。结果最终纳入8篇文献,来自中国、德国、土耳其和美国,涉及311例参与者,研究设计均为随机对照试验,来源于心理学、医学和运动科学等领域期刊。研究对象年龄4~12岁,主要健康状况包括注意力不集中、多动/冲动、混合型等。纳入研究PEDro量表评分5~8分,整体研究质量中等~良好。干预类型主要包括体育课程、适应性身体活动和运动康复。干预时间每次30~60 min,每周1~3次,持续2~12周,干预强度为中等~高。身体活动能改善ADHD和ASD儿童睡眠质量、缩短睡眠潜伏期和提高睡眠效率。定期参与体育课程或团体体育活动能改善儿童睡眠质量和效率,同时改善社交能力和情绪调节。适应性身体活动能有效改善ASD儿童睡眠行为,并有助于调节情绪和缓解焦虑。运动康复能改善ADHD儿童睡眠质量,减少夜间觉醒次数。结论身体活动能改善ADHD和ASD儿童睡眠质量,提高睡眠效率,缩短睡眠潜伏期,提升儿童整体生活质量。Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of physical activity on sleep function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A systematic review was conducted by searching relevant literature in CNKI,Wanfang data,PubMed,PsycINFO,Web of Science and SPORTDiscus databases,ranging from inception to August,2024.Results A total of eight randomized controlled trials were included,originating from China,Germany,Turkey and the United States,involving 311 participants,and were published in journals related to psychology,medicine and sports science.The participants were aged between four and twelve years,and the primary health conditions included inattention,hyperactivity/impulsivity and combined types.The scores of PEDro scale of the included studies ranged from five to eight,indicating overall study quality as moderate to good.The types of interventions mainly included physical education programs,adaptive physical activities and exercise rehabilitation.The duration of the interventions was 30 to 60 minutes per session,one to three times per week,over a period of two to twelve weeks,with moderate to high intensity.Physical activity could improve sleep quality,shorten sleep latency and enhance sleep efficiency in children with ADHD and ASD.Regular participation in physical education or group sports activities improved children's sleep quality and efficiency,and also enhanced social skills and emotional regulation.Adaptive physical activities effectively improved sleep behaviors in children with ASD and helped regulate emotions and alleviate anxiety.Exercise rehabilitation improved sleep quality and reduced nighttime awakenings in children with ADHD.Conclusion Physical activity can improve sleep quality,enhance sleep efficiency,shorten sleep latency and improve the overall quality of life in children with ADHD and ASD.

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 孤独症谱系障碍 儿童 身体活动 睡眠功能 系统综述 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]