中国实验动物资源鉴定与评价工作进展分析  

Analysis of the Progress in Identification and Evaluation of Laboratory Animal Resources in China

作　　者：杜小燕[1] 刘云波[2] DU Xiaoyan;LIU Yunbo(School of Basic Medical Sciences,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Institute of LaboratoryAnimal Science,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学基础医学院,北京100069 [2]中国医学科学院医学实验动物研究所,北京100021

出　　处：《实验动物与比较医学》2024年第5期469-474,共6页Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题“近交系长爪沙鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤和两种2型糖尿病模型的创建及关键技术研究”(2021YFF0702402);国家自然科学基金面上项目“自发性糖尿病长爪沙鼠肥胖与非肥胖亚系的定向培育及其脂肪组织为靶点的分子机制”(32170540)。

摘　　要：实验动物既是国家战略资源,也是国家科技发展的重要支撑条件。中国实验动物学会实验动物资源鉴定与评价工作委员会成立于2019年5月,是中国目前唯一的专门从事实验动物资源鉴定与评价的专业学术团体机构。本文首先论述了实验动物资源鉴定与评价的意义,总结了3种新的实验动物资源开发途径,包括将实验用动物(经济动物、观赏动物、农用动物、野生动物等)驯化和标准化、通过自然突变和人工诱变获得实验动物新品种(系)、应用基因编辑技术创制新的实验动物资源;然后介绍了实验动物资源鉴定与评价的工作流程(包括初审即形式审查、函审即专家审核、会审或现场考察、审定即投票表决并公示、发放鉴定证书)和所需提交的材料(包括申请书、总结报告、鉴定或研究报告、附录和其他必要材料);接着进一步论述了资源鉴定与评估的相关要求,包括种群、遗传学分类要求、生物学特性、遗传稳定、应用价值;最后,介绍了目前已经完成鉴定的实验动物资源新品种(系)情况,并分析了目前工作实践中存在的问题以及针对这些问题的解决措施,以期为后续相关研究提供参考。Laboratory animals are not only a national strategic resource but also an important support for development of science and technology.The Committee of Identification and Evaluation for Laboratory Animal Resources,organized by Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences and established in May 2019,is currently the only specialized academic agency dedicated to the identification and evaluation of laboratory animal resources in China.This paper first discusses the significance of identifying and evaluating laboratory animal resources,summarizes three new approaches to developing these resources,including the domestication and standardization of laboratory animals(economic,ornamental,agricultural,and wild animals,etc.),the acquisition of new strains(species)through natural mutation and induced mutation,and the creation of new laboratory animal resources through gene editing technology.It then introduces the workflow for resource identification and evaluation,including preliminary review(format review),written review(expert review),joint review or on-site inspection,final review(voting and public announcement),and the issuance of certificates.The required materials to be submitted include application,summary report,research or identification reports,appendices and other necessary documents.The paper further discusses related requirements for resource identification and evaluation,including population,genetic classification,biological characteristics,genetic stability,and application value.Finally,the current status of newly identified laboratory animal strains(species)and issues in current work practices are analyzed,as well as solutions to these issues.This paper aims to provide a valuable reference for further research in this field.

关 键 词：实验动物 实验动物资源 鉴定与评价 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学] R-332[医药卫生]