国际视野下高等教育财政紧缩的应对策略与现实启示  

Research on the Tackling Strategies and Practical Implications for Addressing Fiscal Austerity in Higher Education from an International Perspective

作　　者：徐璐 曹义兰 Lu Xu;Yilan Cao(College of Education,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056;School of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学教育学院,武汉430056 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《教育与经济》2024年第5期69-77,共9页Education & Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“农民工返乡子女学校适应困境与整合性干预机制研究”(项目编号:BFA210074)。

摘　　要：教育投入是支撑国家长远发展的基础性、战略性投资,是发展教育事业的重要物质基础,也是公共财政保障的重点。但在经济低速增长背景下,高等教育往往是最先被缩减财政经费的领域之一。基于国际比较分析视角,发现其他国家在面对高等教育财政紧缩时,通常采用拓宽经费筹措渠道、提高教育财政支出效率、控制高校运营成本、保障教育公平等应对策略。结合经济低速增长背景,立足教育强国建设目标,认为当前我国高等教育应多渠道筹措经费,保障教育经费的相对充足;加强对经费紧张学校和弱势学生群体的教育经费支持,以政策倾斜保障教育公平;增强高等教育经费投入的选择性和竞争性,提升经费支出效率。进一步提升高等教育财政的充足性、公平性和支出效率,落实教育经费保投入、调结构、提效益的主攻任务,保障我国高等教育的高质量发展。Educational investment is a foundational and strategic investment supporting national long-term development.It serves as the essential material basis for educational progress and is a focus of public fiscal support.However,under the backdrop of slow economic growth,higher education often becomes one of the first areas to experience budget cuts.Through an international comparative analysis,it has been observed that other countries typically employ strategies such as diversifying funding sources,enhancing the efficiency of educational fiscal expenditures,controlling university operational costs,and ensuring educational equity to address fiscal austerity in higher education.In light of the goal to build a strong national education system amidst slow economic growth,it is suggested that China's higher education sector should diversify its funding sources to ensure adequate financial resources.Additionally,it should increase educational financial support for financially strained institutions and disadvantaged student groups to ensure educational equity through policy preferences.By increasing the selectivity and competitiveness of higher education funding and improving expenditure efficiency,China can enhance the adequacy,equity,and efficiency of its higher education finances.This approach will focus on ensuring,structuring,and improving the efficiency of educational funds,thereby guaranteeing the high-quality development of China's higher education system.

关 键 词：经济低速增长 财政紧缩 高等教育财政 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]