不同比例芦苇秸秆与残次香梨混合青贮对绵羊体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响  

Effects of Mixed Silage of Reed Straw and Defective Pear with Different Proportions on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics in Sheep

作　　者：郁万瑞 李明洋[1] 王芳芳 陈亚飞 高崎峰 孙瑜良 李祥浩 唐利敏 刘浩南 陶大勇[1,2,3] 蒋慧 蒋涛[1,2,3] YU Wanrui;LI Mingyang;WANG Fangfang;CHEN Yafei;GAO Qifeng;SUN Yuliang;LI Xianghao;TANG Limin;LIU Haonan;TAO Dayong;JIANG Hui;JIANG Tao(College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Animal and Grass Resources Utilization in the Tarim Basin,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,阿拉尔843300 [2]农业农村部环塔里木畜草资源利用重点实验室,阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木畜牧科技兵团重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第10期6511-6527,共17页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区奶产业技术体系(XJARS-11);兵团农业关键核心技术攻关项目——华西牛乳肉兼用(军垦型)新品系培育(NYHXGG,2023AA205);师市重点领域科技攻关项目——甘草茎叶与全株玉米混合青贮在绵羊生产中高效利用及示范(S2023LY00007);塔里木大学校长基金——甘草茎叶在44团肉牛生产中高效利用及示范(TDZXZX202303)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同比例芦苇秸秆与残次香梨混合青贮对绵羊瘤胃体外发酵参数、营养物质降解率和微生物菌群组成动态变化的影响。试验以不同比例芦苇秸秆与残次香梨[鲜重质量比分别为100∶0(Ⅰ)、80∶20(Ⅱ)、60∶40(Ⅲ)、40∶60(Ⅳ)]混合青贮为发酵底物,体外发酵72 h,测定不同时间点的累积产气量、发酵参数、微生物菌群组成以及发酵后的营养物质降解率,并利用多项指标综合指数(MFAEI)进行综合评价。结果表明:混合青贮比例、体外发酵时间及其交互作用显著影响瘤胃体外发酵参数(产气量、pH及氨态氮、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸含量与乙酸/丙酸)(P<0.05);随着混合青贮中残次香梨比例的升高,干物质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的降解率显著增加(P<0.05);Ⅳ组的MFAEI显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),但与Ⅲ组差异不显著(P>0.05);混合青贮比例、体外发酵时间及其交互作用显著影响绵羊瘤胃体外微生物菌群Chao1指数、ACE指数、Simpson指数和Shannon指数。(P<0.05)。门水平上,厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门为优势菌,但其相对丰度受混合青贮比例与发酵时间的影响显著(P<0.01);属水平上,普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度受混合青贮比例与发酵时间的显著影响(P<0.05)。综上所述,确定混合青贮中芦苇秸杆与残次香梨比例为40∶60对瘤胃体外发酵参数、营养物质降解率及微生物组成影响较大。混合青贮中芦苇秸杆与残次香梨比例为40∶60时其饲用价值较好。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different proportions of mixed silage of reed straw and defective pear on the in vitro rumen fermentation parameters,nutrient degradation rate and mi-crobial composition dynamic change of sheep.The test was conducted with four groups of silage with the pro-portions of reed straw and defective pear of 0∶100(Ⅰ),20∶80(Ⅱ),40∶60(Ⅲ),and 60∶40(Ⅳ)as the fermentation substrate,and the in vitro fermentation was carried out for 72 h.The cumulative gas production(GP),the fermentation parameters and microbial compositions,and nutrient degradation rate after the fermen-tation were determined at different time points and evaluated by the multiple-factor associative effect index(MFAEI).The results showed as follows:the proportion of mixed silage,in vitro fermentation time and their interactions significantly affected the rumen in vitro fermentation parameters(gas production,pH,NH3-N,acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,total volatile fatty acid contents and acetic acid/propionic acid)(P<0.05);the degradation of dry matter,neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre significantly increased with the proportion of defective pear in mixed silage(P<0.05);MFAEI was significantly higher in groupⅣthan in groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.05),and the difference with groupⅢwas not significant(P>0.05);the mixed silage proportion,in vitro fermentation time and their interactions significantly affected Chao1 index,ACE index,Simpson index and Shannon index of sheep rumen microflora in vitro(P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes,Bacteroides and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria at the phylum level,but their rel-ative abundance was significantly affected by mixed silage ratio and fermentation time(P<0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Prevotella was significantly affected by mixed silage ratio and fermentation time(P<0.05).In conclusion,the proportion of reed straw and residual pear in mixed silage is 40:60,which has great influence on rumen ferme

关 键 词：芦苇秸秆 残次香梨 混合青贮 体外发酵 营养物质降解率 微生物组成 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]