儿童汉语语调习得与神经加工机制的研究进展  

The Progress of Chinese Intonation Acquisition and Neural Processing Mechanism in Children

作　　者：涂顺顺 肖永涛[1] 陈伟民 胡林燕 沈新佳 葛佳乐 张蓓华 TU Shun-shun;XIAO Yong-tao;CHEN Wei-min;HU Lin-yan;SHEN Xin-jia;GE Jia-le;ZHANG Bei-hua

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学,杭州310000 [2]同济大学附属养志康复医院,上海201600

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2024年第6期588-592,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设项目(Z155080000004);上海市重中之重康复医学研究中心(2023ZZ02027);上海市松江区科技(医药卫生领域)攻关项目(22SJKGG37)。

摘　　要：语调作为副语言的一种表现形式,通过音高、速度、强度和响度的配置及其变化,承载着丰富的语义和情感信息,对词汇等语言和认知能力的发展起重要作用,它包括由基频决定的声调,也涵盖受时长影响的句调。对语调加工的神经发育早于言语。本文介绍了汉语普通话声调和句调的声学特征,概述了其感知与产出的发展规律,归纳反映儿童语调习得水平的声学测量参数,以帮助制定儿童早期筛查工具。语调习得水平的表现与其神经处理功能密切相关,本文整理了语调的神经机制假说及加工中枢的相关研究,为通过电生理学或脑功能影像学对风险儿童进行特异性脑区早期筛查提供参考。Intonation,as a form of expression of paralanguage,carries rich semantic and emotional information through the configuration and change of phonetic pitch,duration and intensity and so on,and plays an important role in the development of children's language and cognitive ability,such as vocabulary.It includes both lexical tone determined mainly by the base frequency and sentences tone mainly affected by the duration.The neural development of intonation processing is earlier than speech,so this paper preliminarily introduces the acoustic characteristics of Chinese Mandarin lexical tone and sentence tone,summarizes the development rules of their perception and output,and the acoustic measurement parameters reflecting the level of children's intonation acquisition,such as the rate of base frequency change,so as to help develop early childhood screening tools.Because the performance of intonation acquisition level is closely related to its neural processing function,this paper further summarizes the related research of the neural mechanism hypothesis and processing center of intonation,to provide reference for the early screening of specific brain areas of risk children through electrophysiology or brain function imaging,such as mismatch negativity(MMN)and so on.

关 键 词：声调 句调 声学特征 发育规律 神经加工 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学]