眼动跟踪仪的光源布局优化方法  

Optimization method for light layout of eye tracking device

作　　者：徐泽夫 王晶晶 曾冠中 谢迪[1] 冯华君[2] XU Zefu;WANG Jingjing;ZENG Guanzhong;XIE Di;FENG Huajun(Hikvision Research Institute,Hangzhou 310052,China;College of Optical Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司研究院,浙江杭州310052 [2]浙江大学光电科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2024年第10期204-215,共12页Infrared and Laser Engineering

摘　　要：使用角膜瞳孔反射法的眼动跟踪仪相比基于表观的方法具有较高的视线估计精度,在人机交互、AR/VR等领域具有较大的实际应用价值。但是角膜瞳孔反射法受制于角膜非球面的影响,需要光源距离较近,从而限制普尔钦斑处于逼近球面的角膜区域。但光源距离太近又会放大计算的误差,所以针对眼动跟踪仪的硬件结构缺乏量化设计指导的问题,提出了一种光源布局优化方法。通过计算机仿真的手段,建立了角膜的非球面几何模型,理论分析了不同光源布局下的平均视线估计精度,然后通过由粗到精的方式,优化求解得到最优光源布局,抑制了非球面角膜带来的影响。最后以两类典型的设备为例,在典型参数下分别讨论了头戴式和遥测式的最优双光源布局,结果可作为典型硬件设计的理论参考。Objective Compared to the appearance-based method,Pupil Center Corneal Reflection(PCCR)method has higher accuracy,and has great significant application value in fields such as human-computer interaction and AR/VR.However,the existing researches mainly discuss the structural forms of eye tracking devices such as single camera single light,single camera multiple light,and multi camera multiple light,lacking quantitative hardware layout optimization methods.At the same time,in the PCCR method,the cornea is considered as a spherical surface,while human cornea is not ideal spherical,only the central part of it can be approximated as spherical.Especially when the distance between the light sources is too far,it can cause glints at the edge of the cornea,where the cornea is not spherical.The main solution is to make the glints as close as possible to the spherical area of the cornea,but if the distance between the light sources is too close,significant calculation errors will emerge.Therefore,optimizing the light layout of eye tracking devices has strong practical significance,when the distance between light sources is mutually constrained.Methods The method of computer simulation is used to theoretically calculate the average error of gaze estimation under different light layout,thereby deriving the optimal light source position.The main simulation process is divided into three parts,including eye imaging,gaze estimation based on simulation images,and construction of loss functions.The non spherical surface of the human cornea is considered in the content of eye modeling and imaging,which is closer to the actual human cornea.A typical pinhole model with superimposed distortion is adopted in the camera imaging model.For the optical axis reconstruction in gaze estimation,a typical optical axis reconstruction method suitable for single camera multi light devices has been adopted,which first estimates the corneal center position and then calculates the gaze optical axis.In the loss function,the error statistics of uniforml

关 键 词：视线估计 光源布局 瞳孔角膜反射法 非球面角膜 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]