近现代中国体操传入与发展——基于需求层次理论  

Introduction and Development of Gymnastics in Modern China——Based on the Hierarchy of Needs Theory

作　　者：倪荣昕 NI Rongxin(Harbin Normal University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150025,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《冰雪体育创新研究》2024年第19期166-168,共3页Research on innovation of ice snow sports

摘　　要：该文采用文献资料法、历史分析法,基于需求层次理论,分析近现代不同时期中国体操发展的演变历程,从而为解决当前体操在大众体育方面陷入发展低谷问题提供启示。研究发现:第一,中国体操起源于晚清,发展于民国,进一步发展于新中国,振兴于21世纪后。这一系列动态演变过程与各时期中国的需求相对应。从晚清到民国,抵御列强侵略对应安全需求。20世纪后半叶,建设繁荣富强的新中国对应社会需求。21世纪后,尊重儿童客观发展规律、实施素质教育来实现人的全面发展分别对应尊重需求、自我实现需求。第二,振兴体操要紧跟大众的需求来推广体操。中老年人有锻炼身体和养生的需求,青少年儿童有提高身体素质的需求,根据不同人群的需求来推广相应的体操项目。Using the methods of literature review and historical analysis,based on the hierarchy of needs theory,this paper analyzes the evolution process of Chinese gymnastics development in different periods of modern times,in order to provide insightsfor solving the current problem of gymnastics falling into the trough of development in terms of mass sports.Research has found thatfirstly,Chinese gymnastics originated in the late Qing Dynasty,developed in the Republic of China,further developed in New China,and revitalized after the 2lst century.This series of dynamic evolution processes corresponds to the needs of China in eachperiod.From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,resisting foreign aggression corresponded to security needs:in the second half of the 20th century,building a prosperous and strong new China met the social needs;and after the 2lst century,respecting the objective development laws of children and implementing quality education to achieve comprehensive human development correspond to the needs of respect and self-realization.Secondly,revitalizing gymnastics requires closely following the needs of the public to promote gymnastics.Middle-aged and elderly people have the demand for physicalexercise and health maintenance,while teenagers and children have the demand for improving their physical quality,so according to the needs of different groups of people,we should promote the corresponding gymnastics programs.

关 键 词：体操 需求层次理论 学校体育 

分 类 号：G86[文化科学—体育训练]