波义耳对“万能溶媒”的研究——基于《怀疑的化学家》的分析  

Boyle on Alkahest:An Analysis Based on The Sceptical Chymist

作　　者：余艳梅 孙洪庆[1] YU Yanmei;SUN Hongqing(Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,合肥230026

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2024年第3期435-444,共10页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

摘　　要：“万能溶媒”是炼金术中的一个重要概念,对近代化学的早期发展产生过重要影响。波义耳曾对“万能溶媒”进行过长期研究,学界对此有过一些探讨,但其思想认识中的一些关键问题尚未解决。通过对相关原始文献的系统梳理,分析了波义耳的研究目的和基本认识,阐明“万能溶媒”在波义耳理论体系中有特殊的地位,其思想认识与传统炼金术士有本质的区别,体现了其科学精神和实验哲学理念。As an important concept in alchemy,Alkahest has had a significant impact on the early development of modern chemistry.Boyle has conducted long-term research on Alkahest,and this has been the subject of some academic discussion.However,some key issues in his thought and understanding remain to be solved.Through an examination of all of Boyle's major extant discussions of Alkahest,this paper analyzes Boyle's research purpose and basic understanding on Alkahest.It is argued that Alkahest has a special position in Boyle's theoretical system of matter.It is also argued that Boyle's understanding of Alkahest is obviously different from that of traditional alchemists,which fully embodies his scientific spirit and experimental philosophy.

关 键 词：波义耳 万能溶媒 怀疑的化学家 物质理论 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] O6[理学—化学]