航天复合材料结构健康监测技术应用进展  

Progress in application on health monitoring technology for aerospace composite structures

作　　者：刘青旭 陈海峰[3] BRYANSKY Anton 熊健[1,2] 韦兴宇 LIU Qingxu;CHEN Haifeng;BRYANSKY Anton;XIONG Jian;WEI Xingyu(Center for Composite Materials and Structure,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Beijing Space Vehicle General Design Department,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学特种环境复合材料技术国家级重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [3]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第9期4563-4588,I0005,共27页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12302170);黑龙江省青年人才托举基金(2022QNTJ002)。

摘　　要：随着飞行器中复合材料的使用占比逐年增加,对其安全性的要求也日益严苛。复合材料的损伤部位隐蔽且情况复杂,使预测失效模式和使用寿命变得困难。因此,需要实时监测结构响应,收集状态信息,评估运行情况,判断损伤和剩余寿命,以确保飞行器结构的安全稳定运行。本文瞄准航天飞行器对复合材料结构健康监测的需求,首先简述了复合材料结构在典型飞行器结构应用情况以及复合材料结构健康监测技术的研究及应用情况,随后分别对常见的结构健康监测技术进行了详细的讨论,包括光纤传感监测技术、超声导波监测技术、声发射监测技术、机电阻抗监测法等技术的研究进展,接着针对结构健康监测技术在航天飞行器的各种结构如燃料贮箱结构、热防护结构、发动机结构以及机翼前缘结构等其他结构的应用情况进行了分析讨论,然后对典型的结构健康监测技术评估方法的研究进展进行了分析总结,最后讨论总结了航天复合材料结构健康监测技术的发展趋势与面临的挑战。The increasing utilization of composite materials in aircraft necessitates increasingly stringent safety requirements.The hidden nature and complexity of damage to the composite make predicting failure modes and service life challenging.Consequently,real-time monitoring of structural responses,state information collection,operation evaluation,and damage and remaining life assessment are essential for ensuring the safe and stable operation of aircraft structures.This paper first provides a brief overview of the application of composite structures in typical aircraft structures and the research and application of composite structure health monitoring technology.It then delves into common structural health monitoring techniques,including the research progress of optical fiber sensing monitoring technology,ultrasonic guided wave monitoring technology,acoustic emission monitoring technology,and electromechanical impedance monitoring technology.The application of structural health monitoring technology in various spacecraft structures,such as fuel tank structures,thermal protection structures,engine structures,and wing leading edge structures,is also analyzed and discussed.The research progress of typical structural health monitoring technology evaluation methods is analyzed and summarized.Finally,the development trends and challenges of aerospace composite structure health monitoring technology are discussed and summarized.

关 键 词：复合材料 航天结构 结构健康监测 损伤监测 剩余寿命分析 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]