Distribution Patterns of Soil Microorganisms under Different Vegetation Types along the Riparian Wetland of the Ulson River and Its Influencing Factors  

乌尔逊河河滨带湿地不同植被类型土壤微生物分布格局及其影响因素研究

作　　者：ZHANG Rui YANG Xinran LIU Huamin YU Hongbo NIU Feng FANG Haitao WEN Lu ZHUO Yi FU Ruiying BAI Yang XIAO Bowen WANG Lixin 张睿;杨欣然;刘华民;于洪波;牛峰;方海涛;温璐;卓义;付瑞英;白杨;肖博文;王立新(内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010021;包头市生态环境局综合保障中心,内蒙古包头014000;草原生态安全省部共建协同创新中心,呼和浩特010021;蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010021;内蒙古自治区林业和草原监测规划院,呼和浩特010021)

机构地区：[1]College of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China [2]Comprehensive Support Center,Baotou Ecological Environment Bureau,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014000,China [3]Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security(Jointly Supported by the Ministry of Education of China and Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region),Hohhot 010021,China [4]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau,Hohhot 010021,China [5]Monitoring&Planning Institute of Inner Mongolia Forestry and Grassland Administration,Hohhot 010021,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2024年第5期1193-1208,共16页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143025,32160279,31960249);The Science and Technology Major Project of Inner Mongolia(2022YFHH0017,2021ZD0011);The Ordos Science and Technology Plan(2022EEDSKJZDZX010,2022EEDSKJXM005);The Mongolian Foundation for Science and Technology(NSFC_2022/01,CHN2022/276)。

摘　　要：Wetlands are important for maintaining global ecosystem functions,mitigating global climate change,and regulating regional climate change.Ecological problems caused by global climate change have had serious impacts on plant distribution patterns in the wetlands of riparian zones,as well as on microbial community habitats in the soil.This study was based on a field sampling survey of the distribution characteristics of plant communities in the Ulson River,combined with remote sensing to obtain the spatial distribution pattern of vegetation in the riparian wetland.High-throughput sequencing technology combined with the characteristics of soil physicochemical factors were then used to explore the distribution characteristics of the community structures of soil bacteria and fungi under different vegetation types in the Ulson River Basin,in order to reveal the pattern of changes of soil microbial microorganisms under the different vegetation types in the wetlands of the riparian area and the factors driving those changes.The results showed an obvious banding phenomenon of wetland vegetation in the Ulson River Basin.Proteobacteria ranked first in relative abundance in all the sample plots and were the dominant bacteria in the study area.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi in the study area.In swamp areas,degenerate swamp soils,soil moisture content,and soil bulk density affected the microbial richness directly or indirectly by controlling soil nutrients.Plant aboveground biomass was the most significant factor influencing microbial diversity in a typical wet meadow sample.In salinized meadows and swamped meadows,electrical conductivity affected microbial richness and soil bulk density was the main factor influencing microbial diversity.The findings of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of degraded riparian wetlands and further clarification of soil ecosystem functions in riparian wetlands.湿地在维持全球生态系统功能、减缓全球气候变化和调节区域气候变化方面具有重要意义。全球气候变化导致的生态环境问题对河滨带湿地植物分布格局以及土壤中微生物群落生境产生了严重的影响。本文基于野外采样调查以乌尔逊河植物群落的分布特征为依据,结合遥感方式得到河滨湿地植被空间分布格局,利用高通量测序技术结合土壤理化因子特征,探究乌尔逊河流域不同植被类型下土壤细菌、真菌的群落结构分布特征,揭示河滨带湿地不同植被类型土壤微生物变化规律以及驱动力因素。研究结果表明:乌尔逊河流域湿地植被带状分布现象明显,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)在所有样地中相对丰度均居首位,是研究区域的优势菌门。子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为研究区的优势真菌。在沼泽、退化沼泽土壤中,土壤含水率和土壤容重直接或通过控制土壤养分间接影响了微生物丰富度。湿草甸样地中,植物地上生物量是影响微生物多样性的最主要因素。在盐化草甸和沼泽化草甸中,土壤盐度影响了微生物丰富度,且土壤容重是影响微生物多样性的主要因素。以上研究结果可为退化河滨湿地生态修复和进一步明确河滨湿地土壤生态系统功能提供理论依据。

关 键 词：WETLAND RIPARIAN vegetation types soil microorganisms distribution pattern 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]