积极老龄化的儒家叙事及其孝养困境  

Confucian Narrative of Active Aging and Its Filial Piety Dilemma

作　　者：张容南[1,2] ZHANG Rongnan

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学应用伦理中心,上海200241

出　　处：《孔子研究》2024年第5期35-43,157,158,共11页Confucius Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“实践哲学视域下尊严概念的廓清与重构研究”(项目编号:22BZX086)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：根据人口学的叙事,一个社会中的老年人口占比越大,抚养比越高,社会的老龄化程度就越高。为应对老龄化“危机”,西方社会提出了积极老龄化的方案,该方案强调发掘老龄人口的生产力,缓解社会的福利危机。与西方社会的方案不同,东方儒家伦理提供了另一种积极老龄化的叙事,该理解不是聚焦于生产力,而是关注一个变老的社会如何帮助个人应对越来越长的生命周期,实现好的生活。儒家的“学”与“孝”是帮助我们实现积极老龄化的两种重要方式。在当今社会,“学”将转变为“终身学习”和“代际互助式学习”,“孝”应从“权威型的孝”转变为“情感型的孝”。人口老龄化与低生育率有关,生育率降低有复杂的社会原因。要解决低生育率引发的孝养困境,不仅要求传统儒家价值观的现代转型,还需要现代社会充分认识到家庭的价值,避免贪婪的工作对人生活(意义)空间的挤占。According to the demographic narrative,if the proportion of the elderly population in a society is large,resulting in an excessively high dependency ratio,the aging degree of the society will be higher.In order to cope with the aging"crisis",western society has proposed a program of active aging,which emphasizes exploring the productivity of the elderly population and alleviating the welfare crisis of society.Unlike the western program,confucian ethics can provide another narrative of active aging,which is not focused on productivity,but on how an aging society can help individuals cope with an increasingly long life cycle and achieve a good life.Confucian"learning"and"filial piety"are two important ways to help us achieve active aging.In today's society,"learning"will be transformed into"lifelong learning"and"intergenerational mutual learning",and"filial piety"should be transformed from"authoritative filial piety"to"emotional filial piety".Population aging is related to low fertility rates,and the decline in fertility rates has complex social reasons.To solve the filial piety dilemma caused by low fertility rates,it is necessary not only to transform traditional confucian values into modern ones,but also to fully recognize the value of the family in modern society and avoid the crowding out of people's living(meaning)space by greedy work.

关 键 词：积极老龄化 学 孝 孝养 家庭 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]