汉魏六朝尺牍套语论(上)  

A Study on Polite Formulas of Han-Wei Six Dynasties Part One

作　　者：赵树功 Zhao Shugong

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院

出　　处：《文学与文化》2024年第3期112-123,共12页Literature and Culture Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“古代尺牍专集叙录编年与专体文学史修撰”(批准号:18BZW078)研究成果

摘　　要：尺牍行文多呈套语是中国古代独特的文化现象,是中国传统礼仪的直接产物。其核心表现就是行之久远,用之广泛。一般套语大致可分为三类:具礼套语、常行套语、流行套语。具礼套语、常行套语是附丽于尺牍、具有文体表征意义的文化存在。流行套语则与文化思潮、士人风尚密切相关,因时而变。尺牍套语酝酿于先秦,初步成形于秦汉,普及拓展于三国两晋,齐梁时期达到全面成熟。套语的出现,使古代尺牍完成了文字的格式化结构与礼仪的修辞性表达之间的统一,既呈现虚实相生的审美面目,同时也助长了浮华文风。Polite formula is a unique cultural phenomenon in ancient Chinese correspondence,a direct product of the Chinese traditional etiquette.Its core significance lies in its everlasting practice and widespread application.Polite formula can be roughly classified into three categories:ritual formula,common formula,and fashionable formula.The former two are used in epistolary correspondence,the cultural existence with stylistic manifestation.The latter is closely related with the cultural trend,the fashion of literati and the change of time.Polite formula was originated in the pre-Qin period,took their early shape in the Qin and Han Dynasties,became widespread in the Three Kingdoms and Two Jin Dynasties,and reached their full maturity in Qi and Liang Period.Polite formula unified the formatted structure of text with the rhetorical expression of etiquette in ancient epistolary correspondence,displaying the aesthetic appearance positively,and simultaneously fostering the pompous writing style negatively.

关 键 词：汉魏六朝 尺牍 书札 套语 

分 类 号：I207.62[文学—中国文学] K23[历史地理—历史学]