曝气位置对铁碳-沸石人工湿地污染物去除和温室气体排放的影响及微生物群落分析  

Effects of aeration location on water purification and greenhouse gas emission of iron-carbon-zeolite constructed wetland and its microbial community

作　　者：王珣郦 郝庆菊 王晓静 苟永祥[1] 陈芳慧 贺阳剑 江长胜 WANG Xunli;HAO Qingju;WANG Xiaojing;GOU Yongxiang;CHEN Fanghui;HE Yangjian;JIANG Changsheng(Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education,College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]西南大学创新创业学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第8期2166-2175,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41977186);重庆市大学生创新训练项目(S202310635022)。

摘　　要：为探究曝气位置与铁碳-沸石填充体积比对人工湿地污水净化及温室气体排放的影响,根据曝气位置和铁碳-沸石填料体积比不同构建了8个人工湿地,其中全程曝气处理分别为:F8T2(80%沸石+20%铁碳)、F6T4(60%沸石+40%铁碳)、F4T6(40%沸石+60%铁碳)、以及对照组F(100%沸石);半程曝气人工湿地分别对应为:F8T2-P、F6T4-P、F4T6-P和F-P。对人工湿地系统出水水质、温室气体和微生物群落进行分析测定。结果表明,与全程曝气相比,半程曝气显著提升了各人工湿地上层水中DO的含量(P<0.05),COD和NO_(3)^(-)-去除率均达到94.5%以上,F8T2-P、F6T4-P和F4T6-P出水中NH_(4)^(+)-N平均质量浓度分别显著降低了50.40%、54.18%和51.00%(P<0.05)。曝气位置对铁碳-沸石人工湿地CH_(4)排放影响并不显著,但显著减少了N_(2)O的排放(P<0.05)。相较于全程曝气人工湿地,F8T2-P、F6T4-P和F4T6-P中N_(2)O排放通量分别显著降低了44.03%、35.62%和44.54%(P<0.05)。添加铁碳增加了pmo A、nos Z、nir S和nir K基因丰度,降低了mcr A基因丰度,这些基因与反硝化过程和温室气体排放有关;同时,F8T2-P、F6T4-P和F4T6-P中优势菌属Micropruina、Propionicicella、Nitrospria、Thauera、Denitratisoma、Dechloromonas有利于硝化和反硝化反应的进行。半程曝气且铁碳与沸石体积比为2:8的人工湿地,具备最佳的污染物去除和温室气体减排潜能。In order to explore the effects of aeration position and volume ratio of Fe-C to zeolite on pollutant removal and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in Fe-C-zeolite constructed wetlands,eight constructed wetlands with different aeration positions and Fe-C zeolite filling ratios were constructed as follows:(1)whole-way aeration constructed wetlands included F8T2(80%zeolite+20% Fe-C),F6T4(60%zeolite+40%Fe-C),F4T6(40%zeolite+60%Fe-C),and control group F(100% zeolite);(2)half-way aeration constructed wetlands included F8T2-P,F6T4-P,F4T6-P and F-P.The changes in effluent quality and fluxes of CH_(4) and N_(2)O were tested,then microbial communities in half-aerated constructed wetlands were analyzed.The results showed that comparing with whole-way aeration constructed wetlands,half-way aeration constructed wetlands significantly increased DO concentration in upper water layer of the constructed wetland(P<0.05),and the COD and NO_(3)^(-)-N removal rates reached over 94.5%in both groups,the average concentrations of NH_(4)^(+)-N in effluent of F8T2-P,F6T4-P,and F4T6-P decreased significantly by 50.40%,54.18%,and 51.00%,respectively(P<0.05).Aeration position had no significant effect on CH_(4) emission from Fe-C-zeolite constructed wetlands,but significantly reduced N_(2)O emission(P<0.05).The N2O fluxes of F8T2-P,F6T4-P,and F4T6-P were significantly reduced by 44.03%,35.62%and 44.54%,respectively(P<0.05),compared with the whole-way aeration constructed wetlands.The presence of Fe-C increased the abundances of pmoA,nosZ,nirS,and nirK genes and decreased the abundances of the mcrA gene,which were involved in denitrification and GHG emissions.Meanwhile,the dominant genera Micropruina,Propionicicella,Nitrospria,Thauera,Denitratisoma,and Dechloromonas in F8T2-P,F6T4-P,and F4T6-P favored the nitrification and denitrification reactions.The constructed wetland with half-way aeration and a 2:8 volume ratio of Fe-C to zeolite had the best potential for high pollutant removal and low greenhouse gas emissions.

关 键 词：人工湿地 铁碳微电解 曝气位置 温室气体排放 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]