晋西黄土残塬区不同植被恢复类型土壤的碳含量和稳定性  

Soil carbon content and stability under different vegetation restoration types in the loess residual tableland of western Shanxi province

作　　者：郝晓珍 冯天骄 孔京津 王平[1] HAO Xiaozhen;FENG Tianjiao;KONG Jingjin;WANG Ping(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China;Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,042200,Linfen,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,山西临汾042200

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2024年第5期93-104,共12页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“湿地表面流中物质弥散过渡过程机理研究”(52179056),“黄土残塬区典型森林植被土壤水量平衡的长期演变机制”(42371114);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“黄河流域水土保持与生态修复研究”(QNTD202303)。

摘　　要：晋西黄土残塬区不同植被恢复类型下土壤有机碳组分及其稳定性的深入研究,可为生态脆弱区植被恢复工程提供更丰富的数据支撑,同时也为黄土高原地区双碳目标的评价和实施提供科学依据。以黄土残塬地区4种不同植被恢复类型(油松人工林、刺槐人工林、侧柏人工林和天然次生林)为研究对象,测定生长季内不同土层(0~10,10~30,30~60,60~90,90~120,120~150,150~180和180~200 cm)的各组分碳质量分数和土壤密度、pH值、含水率、全氮、全磷和全钾质量分数,采用主成分分析、相关性分析和网络相关分析等统计方法,探讨不同植被恢复类型下土壤有机碳组分及其稳定性变化规律。结果表明:1)在长期植被恢复过程中,0~200 cm土壤总碳储量由高到低依次为油松人工林>天然次生人工林>侧柏人工林>刺槐人工林,其土壤总碳储量分别为0.51、0.44、0.35和0.31 t/hm^(2),其中,油松人工林和天然次生林的碳储量更高。2)天然次生林在0~30 cm土层内的活跃有机碳组分中的土壤轻组碳和土壤颗粒有机碳及稳定有机碳组分土壤重组有机碳和土壤矿物质有机碳质量分数最高,在30~200 cm土层内则是油松林地最高;而侧柏和刺槐人工林则没有明显的变化。3)4种林地的土壤各碳组分与土壤pH值、土壤密度和全钾质量分数具有负相关性,与土壤总氮质量分数、水溶性有机碳、总磷质量分数和含水率具有正相关性,土壤全氮、全磷质量分数和水分对于土壤有机碳组分的积累有积极影响。4)通过对0~200 cm土层的4种不同植被恢复类型的土壤碳质量分数分析,发现在晋西黄土残塬区的天然次生林地和油松人工林土壤碳库及其稳定性最好,有更好的水土保持固碳效益。从长期来看,该研究区植被恢复应以自然恢复为主,人工恢复方式应以油松林作为主要树种。本研究结果可为生态脆弱区植被恢复和水土保持实践提供科[Background]A comprehensive investigation on the soil organic carbon components and their stability under various vegetation restoration approaches in the loess residual tableland of westernJin Province can provide abundant data support for vegetation restoration projects in ecologically vulnerable areas.Furthermore,it offers a scientific basis for evaluating and implementing the dual-carbon goals in the Loess Plateau.[Methods]Taking four different vegetation restoration types in the loess residual tableland as research objects(i.e.Pinus tabulaeformis plantation,Robinia pseudoacacia plantation,Platycladus orientalis plantation and natural secondary forest),the research measured the carbon content of various components at different soil depth levels(0-10,10-30,30-60,60-90,90-120,120-150,150-180,and 180-200 cm),as well as soil bulk density,pH value,moisture content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium during the growing season,employing statistical methods such as principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and network correlation analysis were used to explore the changes in soil organic carbon components and their stability under different vegetation restoration types.[Results]1)In the long-term process of vegetation restoration,the total soil carbon storage in the 0-200 cm layer is ranked as follows:P.tabuliformis plantation>natural secondary forest>P.orientalis plantation>R.pseudoacacia plantation,with respective values of 0.51,0.44,0.35,and 0.31 t/hm^(2).Compared to P.tabuliformis plantation and natural secondary forest,the carbon storage is higher.2)The contents of LFOC and POC in the active organic carbon components,and stable organic carbon components such as HFOC and MOC in the 0-30 cm soil layer of natural secondary forest are the highest,while the highest contents in the 30-200 cm soil layer are found in P.tabuliformis plantation.However,there is no significant change in the contents of LFOC and POC in the soil layers of P.orientalis and R.pseudoacacia plantation.3)The soil carbon com

关 键 词：天然次生林 人工林 植被恢复 土壤碳组分 碳稳定性 黄土残塬区 

分 类 号：B210.7030[哲学宗教—中国哲学]