如东互花米草盐沼中花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)仔稚幼鱼的时空分布  

Spatial-temporal distribution of Lateolabrax japonicus larvae,juveniles and young in Spartina alterniflora salt mash of Rudong

作　　者：陈渊戈[1] 欧阳珑玲 范瑞良 李楠楠 吉红九[2] 赵永超[2] 陈玉生[2] 赵永磊 姜伟行 李多 王亦我 陈淑吟[2] 全为民[1] CHEN Yuange;OUYANG Longling;FAN Ruiliang;LI Nannan;JI Hongjiu;ZHAO Yongchao;CHEN Yusheng;ZHAO Yonglei;JIANG Weihang;LI Duo;WANG Yiwo;CHEN Shuyin;QUAN Weimin(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Saienes,Shanghai 200090 China;Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Nantong Jiangsu 226007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《渔业信息与战略》2024年第3期221-228,共8页Fishery Information & Strategy

基　　金：江苏省自然资源发展专项资金(海洋科技创新)(JSZRHYKJ202109)。

摘　　要：互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)的入侵严重影响了盐沼潮滩生态系统的多样性和稳定性。作为中国沿海重要的经济物种,花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)是盐沼潮滩生境的常见种。为更好地了解花鲈是否能利用互花米草入侵后的潮滩,2023年3月-2024年2月,针对互花米草入侵后的潮滩内潮沟、光滩、米草盐沼和人工生态低洼塘4种生境开展了连续调查。结果表明,全年共捕获花鲈2 419尾,数量峰值出现在5月,总生物量为18 273.20 g,生物量峰值出现在6月。潮沟和人工生态低洼塘中捕获到的仔稚鱼量相近,但后者的幼鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量明显低于前者。由此可见,随着花鲈的生长发育,其游泳能力加强,对生境的选择也表现出更高的自主性。在4种生境中,花鲈利用的优先度依次为潮沟>人工生态低洼塘>光滩?米草盐沼,表明互花米草的入侵严重损害了盐沼生境对花鲈早期个体的保育功能,但通过人为营造斑块型鱼类栖息地可部分恢复其这一能力。The invasion of Spartina alterniflora seriously affects the diversity and stability of salt marsh ecosystems.Japanese sea bass(L.japonicus) is an economically important species along the coast of China,which is also the dominant species in salt marsh habitats.To understand the effect of S.alterniflora invasion on L.japonicus nursery,a continuous survey was carried out from March 2023 to February 2024 during the spring tide in a tidal flat located in Rudong,Jiangsu Province.A total of 12 sampling sites belonging to four habitats,including tidal creek,mudflat,S.alterniflora salt marsh and artificial pond were designed.The results showed that a total of 2 419 L.japonicus were caught throughout the year,with a total biomass of 18 273.20 g.The peak of the population occurred in May and the peak of the biomass presented in June.The catch per unit effort(CPUE) of larvae and juveniles of L.japonicus was comparable between the tidal creek and the artificial ponds,while the CPUE of the young in the artificial ponds was significantly lower than that in the tidal creek.It suggested that the swimming ability gradually strengthened over time,resulting in a more autonomous selection of habitat.Among the four habitats,the priority of habitat utilization was in the order of tidal creek,artificial pond,mudflat and S.alterniflora salt marsh.Thus,it is concluded that the invasion of S.alterniflora has damaged the conservation function of salt marsh habitats for L.japonicus,while micro-topography manipulations facilitate the improvement of its conservation capacity.

关 键 词：花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus) 互花米草(Spartina alterniflora) 保育 盐沼湿地 生境改良 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]