紫色土不同土地利用类型的土壤质量综合评价  

Comprehensive assessment of purple soil characteristics under different land use types

作　　者：李娟 杨满元[1] 杨宁[1] LI Juan;YANG Manyuan;YANG Ning(College of Landscape Architecture,Hunan Environmental-Biological Polytechnic College,Hengyang,Hunan 421005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南环境生物职业技术学院园林学院,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第6期662-672,共11页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：湖南省科技厅项目“湖南省紫色土荒山坡地植被恢复技术研究”(S2006N332);衡阳市科技计划项目“紫色土资源综合利用”(202150083609);湖南环境生物职业技术学院南岳学者基金项目“衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地不同土地利用方式土壤腐殖质特征”(N2021-03)。

摘　　要：评价紫色土不同土地利用类型的土壤质量,为紫色土的植被和地力恢复提供参考依据。以衡阳紫色土恢复区天然草地、人工草地、人工灌草地、人工灌丛地、坡耕地和人工林地0~20 cm土层土壤为对象,分析和比较不同土地利用类型下的土壤理化性质和生物学性质,并采用主成分分析(PCA)法评价其土壤质量。结果表明:人工草地、人工灌草地与坡耕地的全氮、碱解氮和有效磷含量显著高于其余土地利用类型(P<0.05),但其pH值、土壤容重和毛管孔隙度显著低于其余土地利用类型(P<0.05),速效钾含量在不同土地利用类型之间的差异不显著;人工草地、人工灌草地与坡耕地的磷脂脂肪酸总量、细菌含量、真菌含量、放线菌含量、脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、磷酸酶活性、蛋白酶活性、土壤微生物生物量碳和土壤微生物生物量氮的含量显著高于其余土地利用类型(P<0.05);除速效钾含量外,土壤各肥力因子之间存在密切的相关性;从PCA法的评价结果来看,人工草地、人工灌草地和坡耕地的土壤肥力综合指数较高,是有利于恢复区土壤质量恢复较好的土地利用类型。Purple soils(0-20 cm layer)located in a restoration region of Hengyang,South-central China were examined under six different land use types,comprising:natural grassland(NGL),artificial grassland(AGL),artificial shrub and grassland(ASGL),artificial shrub land(ASL),slope farmland(SFL),and artificial forest land(AFL).The effects of different land use types on soil physico-chemical and biological properties were analyzed.Soil quality under different land use types was evaluated by using principal component analysis(PCA).The results showed that:total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,and available phosphorus content under AGL,ASGL,and SFL were significantly higher than for the other three land use types(P<0.05),while soil pH value,bulk density,and capillary porosity in AGL,ASGL and SFL were significantly lower than those of the other types(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in available potassium content among the six land use types(P>0.05).Total phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)concentration;bacterial,fungal,and actinomycete contents;urease,sucrase,phosphatase,and protease activities;and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen were significantly higher in AGL,ASGL,and SFL than the other land use types(P<0.05).There were strong correlations among all fertility factors apart from readily available potassium content.PCA showed that AGL,ASGL,and SFL land use types were more beneficial for the recovery of soil quality in the restoration region.

关 键 词：土地利用类型 土壤质量 微生物群落 主成分分析 紫色土 

分 类 号：S714.5[农业科学—林学]