韦伯音乐社会学理论的启示:音程的理性过程与事实  

Revelations from Weber's The Rational and Social Foundations of Music:Rational Processes and Facts of Intervals

作　　者：尚媚 Shang Mei

机构地区：[1]西安音乐学院作曲系,西安710061

出　　处：《北方音乐》2024年第4期122-128,共7页Journal of the Northern Music

摘　　要：德国社会学家马克斯·韦伯认为西方的历史发展是与不断理性化的过程之命题相呼应的,西方音乐文化的发展亦是如此。西方音乐中关于和声的构成、调性、记谱等一系列技术性的规范就是通过严格的选择、排斥和计算之后形成的事实,是一个典型的理性化过程。在韦伯《音乐社会学引论:音乐的理性基础与社会基础》中,论及音程问题,他指出所有的理性和声音乐都是基于八度、纯四度、纯五度音程产生的连续发展,这种发展中出现的状态与八度依次可分为两个间隔不等的事实,为所有音乐的理性化形成事实基础。在这个基础上,既可以观察古典音乐,又可以检验现代音乐。其实质在于,和谐的和弦音乐的音程将八度通过计算或和声的办法分为五度或者四度,从而实现其理性化。The German sociologist Max Weber believed that the Western development corresponds to the uninterrupted process of rationalization,and so does its music culture.The norm of technique such as the harmony institution,tonality and notation were formed into a fact upon the strict selec-tion,exclusion and calculation,i.e.is a typical process of rationalization that revealed by the ratio-nal and social foundations of music,which revealed by the rational and social foundations of music.The part of discussion on harmony in his Sociology of Music(i.e.,The Rational and Social Founda-tions of Music),Weber states that all rational music depend on the harmony based on the successive process which produced by the octaves,perfect fourths and fifths;and the results that of the pattern appeared in the procession,as well as the octaves can divided into unequal two part provided the fac-tual basis for the rationalization of all kinds music.On this basis,both classical and modern music can be observed and tested.In essence,the intervals of harmonic music by chord rationalize the oc-tave by dividing it into fifths or fourths through computation or harmonic technique.

关 键 词：马克斯·韦伯(Max Weber) 音程 理性化 《音乐社会学引论:音乐的理性基础与社会基础》 

分 类 号：J604.3[艺术—音乐]