环青海湖地区一年生饲草青贮品质研究  

Study on quality of annual forage silage in the area around Qinghai Lake

作　　者：霍丽安 张春平 董全民[1,2,3] 俞旸 张小芳[1,2,3] 童永尚 杨增增 张雪 HUO Li-an;ZHANG Chun-ping;DONG Quan-min;YU Yang;ZHANG Xiao-fang;TONG Yong-shang;YANG Zeng-zeng;ZHANG Xue

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [3]青海大学三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第18期106-110,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：青海省科技成果转化专项(项目编号:2022-NK-134)。

摘　　要：试验旨在分析环青海湖区不同一年生牧草青贮饲料品质的差异,界定不同青贮饲料的营养范围,筛选适宜环青海湖地区推广的青贮饲料。研究选取环青海湖地区4个一年生饲草品种,在燕麦抽穗期进行收获青贮,每个处理5个重复,袋装密封青贮60 d,开封后测定青贮饲料pH值、营养品质和感官品质等指标,通过灰色关联度法综合评估各处理的营养价值和相对饲喂价值。结果显示:青引1号燕麦(Q1)、华油杂62+青引1号燕麦(H62+Q1)处理的感官评价等级为优。7个处理pH值在3.8~4.1之间。Q1的含水量和粗灰分(Ash)含量显著低于其他处理(P<0.05),干物质含量(DM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。7个处理的相对饲喂价值(RFV)在108~141之间,青海13号蚕豆+箭筈豌豆(Q13+J)青贮饲料相对饲喂价值(RFV)和干物质采食量(DMI)显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。研究表明,供试的一年生饲草在环青海湖地区均能够成功青贮,7个处理感官评价无劣质等级,Q13+J青贮饲料相对饲喂价值最高,适口性最好,更易被家畜采食。据灰色关联度法综合分析,Q1青贮更适宜在环青海湖地区应用推广。The experiment aimed to analyze the differences in the quality of silage feed from annual pasture grasses in the area around Qinghai Lake,to define the nutritional range of different silage feeds,and to select silage feeds suitable for promotion in the area around Qinghai Lake.In this study,four annual forage treatments in the area around Qinghai Lake were used to harvest silage at the heading stage of oats,each treatment was repeated with five replicates,and the silage was sealed in bags for 60 days,and the pH value,nutritional quality and sensory quality of the silage were measured after opening,and the nutritional value and relative feeding value of each treatment were comprehensively evaluated by the grey correlation method.The results showed that the sensory evaluation grades of Avena sativa'Qingyin No.1'(Q1)and Huayouza 62+Avena sativa'Qingyin No.1'(H62+Q1)treatments were high-quality.The pH value of the seven treatments was between 3.8~4.1.The water content and crude ash content(Ash)of Q1 were significantly lower than those of other treatments(P<0.05),the concentrations of dry matter(DM)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05),and the relative feeding value(RFV)of the seven treatments was between 108~141.The relative feeding value(RFV)and dry matter intake(DMI)of Vicia faba L.variety'Qinghai 13'+Vicia sativa(Q13+J)silage were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05).The results showed that the tested annual forage grass could be successfully silaged in the area around Qinghai Lake,and there was no inferior grade in the sensory evaluation of seven treatments,and Q13+J silage had the highest relative feeding value,the best palatability,and was easier to be eaten by livestock.According to the comprehensive analysis of the grey correlation method,the Q1 silage is more suitable for application and promotion in the area around Qinghai Lake.

关 键 词：环青海湖地区 一年生饲草 青贮品质 营养品质 相对饲喂价值 灰色关联度 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]