马王堆汉墓出土“安乐如意长寿无极”文字绮价值探讨  

A study on the cultural value of the “Qi” silk fabric with the woven inscription“An Le Ru Yi Chang Shou Wu Ji” unearthed from the Mawangdui Han Tombs

作　　者：邹婧 喻燕姣[1,2] 刘琦 彭诗琦 赵江南 ZOU Jing;YU Yanjiao;LIU Qi;PENG Shiqi;ZHAO Jiangnan(Hunan Museum(Hunan Cultural Relics Appraisal Center),Changsha 410005,China;Hunan Key Laboratory ofArchaeometry and Conservation Science,Changsha 410005,China;School of Packaging Design&Art,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南博物院(湖南省文物鉴定中心),长沙410005 [2]科技考古与文物保护利用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410005 [3]湖南工业大学包装设计艺术学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《丝绸》2024年第11期114-121,共8页Journal of Silk

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDAJ008)。

摘　　要：文章通过研究马王堆汉墓三号墓出土的“安乐如意长寿无极”文字绮丝织品,探讨了其在中国古代纺织艺术和技术中的重要地位。首先,文字绮纺织品是汉字文化的重要载体,具有高度的艺术审美价值和文化传达功能。“安乐如意长寿无极”文字绮是目前已知最早的成句汉字织造纺织品,展示了汉代社会对长生不老和美好生活的向往,反映了当时人们的心理状态和社会的文化特征。其次,这类纺织品通过将汉字与图案巧妙结合,凸显了汉字在装饰艺术中的重要作用,特别是在湖南及周边地区的丝绸之路沿途广泛运用和流传。最后,中国汉字装饰纺织品历史悠久,技术先进,并可能对西亚乃至地中海周缘地区的纺织装饰技术产生影响,但两者在文化背景、艺术审美和社会功能上有明显区别。文章旨在通过多学科研究方法,全面解析马王堆汉墓出土纺织品的文化价值,进一步夯实中华文化自信,并为未来的文物保护和研究提供参考。Over the past century,numerous Han Dynasty textiles woven with auspicious phrases and individual characters have been unearthed across China,symbolizing the people’s aspirations for a prosperous and fulfilling life.Among them,the textile with the eight-character phrase“An Le Ru Yi Chang Shou Wu Ji”(May you have peace,happiness,and enjoy endless longevity),discovered from the Mawangdui Han Tombs,is the earliest known example of a complete auspicious inscription on a woven textile.This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the form,structure,and cultural significance of these eight characters based on systematic scientific testing,archaeological finding and historical literature.A multidisciplinary approach is adopted to thoroughly explore the cultural value of the textiles unearthed from the Mawangdui Han Tombs,with particular emphasis on their crucial role in the development of ancient Chinese textile art and technology.Comparative analysis of the textile artifacts and related ancient documents leads to three key conclusions.First,textiles with inscribed characters are an important carrier in Chinese character culture,offering both high artistic and aesthetic value while serving as mediums for conveying cultural ideals.The eight-character auspicious textile from Mawangdui is the earliest known Han textile with a complete woven inscription,reflecting the Han people’s yearning for immortality and a harmonious life.This desire was central to the psychological and cultural outlook of the time,remaining a timeless theme throughout human civilization.Second,such textiles masterfully integrate Chinese characters with decorative patterns,highlighting the significant role of characters in ornamental art,especially in their widespread use along the Silk Road and in the Hunan region.Third,Chinese character-decorated textiles have a long history of advanced techniques and may have influenced textile decoration methods in West Asia and the Mediterranean,though they diverge in terms of cultural context,artistic aest

关 键 词：汉代 马王堆汉墓 文字绮 汉字文化 吉祥文化 

分 类 号：TS941.12[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程] K876.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]