预处理促进有机固体废弃物厌氧发酵生产挥发性脂肪酸  

Pretreatment of Organic Solid Waste for Volatile Fatty Acids Production in Anaerobic Fermentation

作　　者：左壮 丁银贵 刘梦瑶 陈庆 ZUO Zhuang;DING Yingui;LIU Mengyao;CHEN Qing(CECEP Engineering Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]中节能工程技术研究院有限公司,北京100082

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第10期135-142,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：2021年中节能研究院科技创新项目:有机固废制备全生物降解材料(ZYY-KFYY-2021-01)。

摘　　要：有机固体废弃物发酵生产挥发性脂肪酸是一种具有应用价值的资源化方式。该研究利用典型的有机固体废弃物,剩余污泥、餐厨垃圾和白酒酒糟生产挥发性脂肪酸,针对厌氧产酸效率和速率低这一限制因素,采用预处理方法实现挥发性脂肪酸的大量积累。结果表明,剩余污泥经过80℃处理后总挥发性脂肪酸浓度达到1.41 g/L,以乙酸为主;餐厨垃圾经过80℃处理后总挥发性脂肪酸浓度达到7.24 g/L,餐厨垃圾产酸的种类与剩余污泥不同,正丁酸、丙酸占比更高。餐厨垃圾与剩余污泥体积比为1∶2混合发酵时,总挥发性脂肪酸浓度为3 g/L,80℃处理后发酵产酸浓度约为18 g/L,比未经过处理的总量提高了6倍,且挥发性脂肪酸种类更加丰富,异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸均有产生。餐厨垃圾与白酒酒糟1∶5比例混合在底物固体浓度20%时总挥发性脂肪酸浓度约为46.8 g/L。研究结果可为进一步探究有机固体废弃物资源化提供借鉴。The fermentation of organic solid waste to produce volatile fatty acids is a valuable resource utilization method.In this study,activated sludge,food waste and Baijiu distillers’grains were used to produce volatile fatty acids.Aiming at the limiting factor of low efficiency and rate of anaerobic volatile fatty acids production,pretreatment was adopted to achieve a large amount of accumulation of volatile fatty acids.The experimental results show that the total volatile fatty acid concentra⁃tion of the activated sludge after treatment at 80℃ reaches 1.41 g/L,with acetic acid as the main component;treated at 80℃,the total volatile fatty acid concentration of food waste reaches 7.24 g/L.The types of acids produced by food waste are differ⁃ent from activated sludge,with a higher proportion of butyric acid and propionic acid.When the volume ratio of food waste to activated sludge is 1∶2,the total volatile fatty acid concentration is 3 g/L,and the acid production concentration after treatment at 80℃is about 18 g/L,which is more than 6 times higher than the total amount without treatment,and the volatile fatty acid types are more abundant,including isobutyric acid,valeric acid,and isovaleric acid.When food waste and distiller's grains are mixed in a 1∶5 ratio at a total solid concentration of 20%,the total volatile fatty acid concentration is about 46.8 g/L.The results of this study aim to provide reference for further exploration of the resource utilization of organic solid waste.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 白酒酒糟 剩余污泥 水解 酸化 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]