日本殖民同化的影响与琉球身份认同的重构  

The Impact of Japanese Colonial Assimilation and the Reconstruction of Ryukyuan Identity

作　　者：王重斌 戴维来 WANG Zhongbin;DAI Weilai(School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Shanghai Institute of Commerce&Foreign Languages,Shanghai 201399;China Institute,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工商外国语职业学院外国语言文化学院,上海201399 [2]复旦大学中国研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《日本问题研究》2024年第5期22-35,共14页Japanese Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“世界百年未有之大变局加速演进的理论和实践研究”(23ZDA023)。

摘　　要：琉球被日本吞并后,经历了日本政府的殖民同化政策,包括政治上的军事占领和行政控制、经济上的资本主义化改造、文化和教育领域的“皇民化运动”等,这些措施系统性地解构了琉球固有的身份体系,削弱了琉球人的民族自尊心和主体意识。战后,美国对琉球的占领以及琉球“回归”日本后的“复归”运动在一定程度上推动了琉球身份的重塑,包括寻求政治认同、文化复兴、争取原住民权益、民族意识觉醒以及谋求自治等。琉球身份认同重塑的未来走向还存在着很大的不确定性,日本政府依然坚持对琉球的统治,美军依然驻扎琉球,殖民主义的影响依然根深蒂固,继续影响琉球人的身份认同。深入研究日本殖民统治对琉球人身份认同的具体影响机制十分必要,可借此更好地理解琉球社会文化的复杂性,深化对日本殖民同化的理论研究。After being annexed by Japan,the Ryukyua Islands underwent a series of colonial assimilation policies imposed by the Japanese government.These included political military occupation and administrative control,economic capitalist transformation,and cultural and educational initiatives aimed at“Japanization”.These measures systematically deconstructed the inherent identity system of Ryukyu,weakening the national pride and subjectivity of the Ryukyuan people.After the war,the American occupation of Ryukyu and the“reversion movement”following Ryukyu s“return”to Japan facilitated the reshaping of Ryukyuan identity to some extent.This involved seeking political recognition,cultural revival,striving for indigenous rights,awakening national consciousness,and pursuing autonomy etc.The future trajectory of Ryukyuan identity reconstruction remains highly uncertain,as the Japanese government continues to assert its rule over Ryukyu,the U.S.military remains stationed in Ryukyu,and the influences of colonialism remain deeply entrenched,continuing to affect the identity of the Ryukyuan people.It is essential to deeply study the specific mechanisms of how Japanese colonial rule impacts Ryukyuan identity,to better understand the complexity of Ryukyuan social culture and promote theoretical research on Japan's implementation of“colonial assimilation”.

关 键 词：琉球 日本 殖民同化政策 民族文化 身份重构 

分 类 号：D80[政治法律—政治学]