认罪认罚从宽制度亟待厘清的四个问题——以第四次《刑事诉讼法》修改为背景  

Four issues that Must be Clarified in Leniency System for Pleadi ng Guilty and Accepting Punishments: Taking the Fourth Amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law as Background

作　　者：刘晨琦 Liu Chenqi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所 [2]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《中国应用法学》2024年第5期171-185,共15页China Journal of Applied Jurisprudence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“刑事诉讼中的财产权保护系统研究”子课题“民刑优先性问题研究”(编号:18ZDA144)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在《刑事诉讼法》迎来第四次修改之际,作为党的十八届四中全会确立完善的重要制度,认罪认罚从宽制度若要得到长足有效的发展,实现制度确立的初衷,必须厘清四个问题:从横向的世界视野来看,认罪认罚从宽与辩诉交易在制度目标上具有同源性,在制度的实现机制和作用原理上具有同质性;但在司法理念、价值取向和制度体系建构方面存在显著差异,我国制度具有鲜明的优势。从裁判考量上来看,应当反思和重塑关于“从宽”的认识。从诉讼基本原理来看,反悔权虽具有一定的正当性,但也应当加以限制,防止其被滥用;而以抗诉权限制反悔权的方式必须控制在合理限度,并探索限制反悔权的更优路径。从刑事辩护木桶理论来看,制度的运行主体应当从“公检法三机关”向“公检法律四主体”方向转化。As the fourth amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law approaches,as an important system established and improved by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Party,if the leniency for confession and punishment system is to achieve significant and effective development and fulfill the original intention of the system's establishment,four issues must be clarified:from a global perspective,leniency for confession and punishment and plea bargaining share common goals in the system objectives and have homogeneity in the implementation mechanism and principles of operation;however,there are significant differences in judicial concepts,value orientations,and system construction,and our country's system has distinct advantages.From the perspective of judicial discretion,there should be reflection and reshaping of the understanding of"leniency."From the perspective of fundamental principles of litigation,although the right to repent has certain legitimacy,it should also be restricted to prevent abuse,and the method of restricting the right to repent through the limitation of appeal rights must be controlled within reasonable limits,exploring the optimal path for restricting the right to repent.From the perspective of the criminal defense"barrel theory,"the main body of the system's operation should transition from the three agencies of public security,procuratorate,and court to the direction of four entities of public security,procuratorate,court,and legal defense.

关 键 词：认罪认罚从宽制度 辩诉交易 反悔权 抗诉权 辩护权 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]