227个花生品种(系)蛋白质及10种主要氨基酸遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Protein and 10 Major Amino Acids of 227 Peanut Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：卢选康 严鑫 陶宇 刘娜 唐康 罗梓楠 曾宁波[1,2] 刘登望[1,2] 李林[1,2] Lu Xuankang;Yan Xin;Tao Yu;Liu Na;Tang Kang;Luo Zinan;Zeng Ningbo;Liu Dengwang;Li Lin(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Changsha Branch of National Peanut Engineering Technology Research Center/Hunan Peanut Engineering Technology Research Center/Dryland Crops Research Institute,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]国家花生工程技术研究中心长沙分中心/湖南省花生工程技术研究中心/湖南农业大学旱地作物研究所,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第10期26-33,42,共9页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省“筑峰计划”顶尖人才培育人选项目(ZFJH202310);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-13);湖南省现代农业产业技术体系项目;湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021NK2005)。

摘　　要：为深入了解花生籽仁蛋白质及主要氨基酸的遗传特性,为蛋白品质改良提供理论依据,本研究利用多功能近红外分析仪,测定227个花生品种(系)的蛋白质及10种主要氨基酸含量,并进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明,蛋白质及氨基酸含量共11个性状的变异系数以脯氨酸含量为最高,超过12%;赖氨酸含量次之,超过10%,其最小值与最大值相差一倍,改良潜力较大;其余性状的变异系数均小于6%。相关性分析结果表明,蛋白质含量与10种氨基酸含量均呈显著正相关,脯氨酸含量与蛋氨酸和苏氨酸含量间相关不显著,与缬氨酸含量显著负相关,其余氨基酸含量间均呈显著正相关。聚类分析将227个参试品种(系)分成三类,其中高蛋白及高氨基酸含量的10个品种(系)聚在第Ⅰ类。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分的累计贡献率达84.32%,其中第1主成分主要包括非极性氨基酸的异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、精氨酸及蛋白质,贡献率接近60%;根据综合得分筛选出22个综合性状优良品种(系)。综上表明,参试品种(系)的蛋白质及氨基酸含量共11个性状具有不同程度差异,遗传多样性丰富。该结论可为花生品种蛋白品质改良和培育提供理论依据。In order to understand the genetic characteristics of protein and main amino acids in peanut kernels and provide theoretical bases for protein quality improvement,the contents of protein and 10 main amino acids of 227 peanut resources including bred varieties and landraces were determined using multifunctional near-infrared component analyzer,and diversity analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis were carried out.The results showed that the variation coefficient of proline content was the highest in the 11 traits,which was more than 12%,followed by lysine content,which was more than 10%with the minimum value half of the maximum,and the values of other traits were less than 6%.The results of correlation analysis showed that protein content was significantly positively correlated with content of all the 10 amino acids;proline content was not significantly correlated with methionine and threonine contents,while negatively correlated with valine contents,significantly positively correlations were observed among other amino acid contents.The 227 varieties(lines)were divided into 3 categories through cluster analysis,and 10 varieties with high protein and amino acid contents were grouped in class I.The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 84.32%,among which,the first principal component included non-polar amino acids such as isoleucine,leucine,phenylalanine and arginine and protein had a contribution rate of nearly 60%,and 22 excellent varieties with comprehensive traits were screened according to the comprehensive score.In conclusion,the 11 traits of protein and amino acid contents of the tested varieties(lines)were different to different degrees,and the genetic diversity was abundant,which could provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of peanut protein quality.

关 键 词：花生品种(系) 蛋白质 氨基酸 遗传多样性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]