食叶草不同部位营养成分分析  

Nutrient Composition Analysis of Different Parts of Edible Grass

作　　者：胡锦瑞 李鑫垚 凌浩 曾建国 刘秀斌[1,2] HU Jinrui;LI Xinyao;LING Hao;ZENG Jianguo;LIU Xiubin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Veterinary Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and The Creation of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Drugs,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Jiuanhe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]兽用中药资源与中兽药创制国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]湖南九安禾生物科技有限公司,湖南长沙410128 [5]湖南农业大学动物医学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第21期118-124,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：湖南省重点研发项目[2023NK2021];湖南省科技计划项目[2023RC3149];湖南省科技人才托举项目[2023TJ-N08]。

摘　　要：研究旨在比较食叶草的叶、根、茎和种子的营养成分及抗营养因子含量,对食叶草不同部位进行初步营养价值评价。选取不同批次食叶草样品,分别测定叶、根、茎和种子4个部位的常规营养成分、氨基酸、矿物质元素、生物活性成分及抗营养因子含量。结果显示:食叶草不同部位(叶、根、茎和种子)的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维含量均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),其中叶的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量最高,达到30.15%、3.71%、13.78%。食叶草矿物质元素种类丰富,叶、根、茎和种子4个部位的钙、磷、锰、铁、铜、硒含量均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),锌含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。其中叶的锰、铁、铜、硒含量最高,分别为170.06、921.92、11.31、0.33 mg/kg。种子部位的锌含量最高,为6.95 mg/kg。在食叶草叶、根、茎和种子中均检测出了17种氨基酸,包括7种必需氨基酸,2种半必需氨基酸,8种非必需氨基酸;通过比较可知,叶、根、茎和种子4个部位的17种氨基酸均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),其中叶中的天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、半光氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸含量均高于其他部位。食叶草叶、根、茎和种子4个部位的总黄酮和总酚酸含量均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),其中叶的总黄酮含量最高,为19.8 mg/g;种子中的总酚酸含量最高,为4.48 mg/g。食叶草叶、根、茎和种子4个部位的草酸和植酸含量均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),单宁含量存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中叶的草酸含量和植酸含量最高,为103.22、67.52 mg/g,单宁含量最高在种子部位,为2.79 mg/g。与7种常见饲料相比,食叶草叶中CP含量高于2种能量饲料和3种粗饲料,粗纤维含量高于2种能量饲料和2种蛋白饲料,低于粗饲料;粗灰分含量均高于其他7种常见饲料,Fe、Mn元素含量均高于7种常见饲料。综上所述,食叶草叶具有较高的营养价值,与7种常见The purpose of this experiment was to compare the nutrient content and anti-nutritional factor content of roots,stems,leaves and seeds of Edible grass,and to evaluate the preliminary nu⁃tritional value of different parts of Edible grass.Different batches of Edible grass samples were selected to determine the basic nutrient composition,amino acid composition,mineral element composi⁃tion,bioactive components and anti-nutritional factors according to the four parts of root,stem,leaf and seed.The results showed that there were significant differences in water content,crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,and crude fiber among different parts of the leaves,seeds,roots,and stems of leafy grass(P<0.01),with the highest protein content,crude fat content,and crude ash content in the leaves,reaching 30.15%,3.71%,and 13.78%.There are abundant types of mineral elements in leafy grass,and there are extremely significant differences in calcium,phosphorus,manganese,iron,copper,and selenium in the four parts of leaves,seeds,roots,and stems(P<0.01),while there is no significant difference in zinc con⁃tent(P>0.05).The contents of manganese,iron,copper and selenium in leaves are the highest,which are 170.06 mg/kg,921.92 mg/kg,11.31 mg/kg and 0.33 mg/kg respectively.The highest zinc content is found in the seed area,at 6.95 mg/kg.17 amino acids,including 7 essential amino acids,2 semi essen⁃tial amino acids,and 8 non essential amino acids,were detected in the seeds,roots,stems,and leaves of leafy grass;through comparison,there were extremely significant differences(P<0.01)in the 17 amino ac⁃ids in the four parts of leaves,seeds,roots,and stems.Among them,the content of Tianmen amino acids,glutamic acid,hemi amino acid,methionine,leucine,and arginine in leaves was higher than that in other parts.There were extremely significant differences(P<0.01)in the oxalic acid and phytic acid levels in different parts of the leaves,seeds,roots,and stems of leafy grasses,and significant differences in tan⁃nins(P<0.05).Among them,the oxali

关 键 词：食叶草 粗蛋白 粗脂肪 总黄酮 总酚酸 

分 类 号：S816.11[农业科学—饲料科学]