情绪健康视角下救灾舱循证设计研究  

An Evidence-Based Design Study of Disaster Shelters from the Perspective of Emotional Health

作　　者：李晓英 吴颖琪 郭飞龙 LI Xiaoying;WU Yingqi;GUO Feilong(School of Industrial Design,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学工业设计学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《工业工程》2024年第5期64-72,共9页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基金资助项目(18YJAZH048)。

摘　　要：自然灾害不仅给社会带来巨大的经济损失,同时也给灾民带来严重的心理创伤。针对灾后群体产生的负性情绪,以受灾者情绪健康为目标,提出情绪健康的救灾舱方案,旨在探索灾后临时避难设施中缓解受灾者负性情绪的设计策略和方法。通过调研自然灾害的亲历者,并结合灾后产品的特殊性,提出使用虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)设备研究更广泛的用户群体。根据Kano模型建立功能需求优先级,进行救灾舱设计,并通过生理传感器和VR设备对其内部空间进行循证设计与实验分析。结合实验数据与用户反馈,探讨不同场景对用户负性情绪干预效果的主客观影响。结果表明,本文提出的救灾舱方案具有改善舱内人群负性情绪的效果,其中冷色调-高照度-硬材质、冷色调-高照度-软材质和暖色调-低照度-软材质的组合环境对负性情绪改善效果最佳。本研究为灾后临时安置产品的情绪健康相关设计提供参考。Natural disasters not only bring huge economic losses to society,but also cause serious psychological trauma to victims.To address the negative emotions experienced by disaster victims,this paper proposes a disaster shelter scheme to ensure emotional health,aiming to explore design strategies and methods to alleviate negative emotions of victims in post-disaster temporary shelters.Through the investigation of individuals who have experienced natural disasters,combined with the particularity of post-disaster products,virtual reality(VR)equipment is suggested to study a wider user group.According to the Kano model,the priority of functional requirements is established for disaster shelter designing.Also,the internal space is designed and experimentally analyzed by evidence-based physiological sensors and VR devices.Combined with experimental data and user feedback,the subjective and objective effects of different scenarios on the effect of negative emotion intervention are discussed.Results show that the disaster shelter scheme proposed in this paper improves the negative emotions among occupants,with the combination environment of cool tone-high brightness-hard materials,cool tone-high brightness-soft materials and warm tone-low brightness-soft materials providing the best effect on improving negative emotions.This paper provides reference for the emotional health-related design of temporary placement products after disasters.

关 键 词：产品设计 救灾舱设计 情绪健康 生理传感器 虚拟现实 

分 类 号：TB472[一般工业技术—工业设计] F406.14[经济管理—产业经济]