信阳毛尖茶园施用氨基酸叶面肥的效果初探  

Effect of Organic Amino Acid Foliar Fertilizer on Yield and Quality Components of Xinyang Maojian Tea

作　　者：李丙奇[1] 李太魁[1] 张香凝[1] 郭战玲[1] 寇长林[1] LI Bingqi;LI Taikui;ZHANG Xiangning;GUO Zhaning;KOU Changin(Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agriculture Resources and Environment,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2024年第11期62-65,共4页China Tea

基　　金：河南省农科院四优四化项目(20220701003、20200703005);河南省农科院自主创新项目(2021ZC32)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同浓度的氨基酸叶面肥对信阳有机茶园的产量及品质的影响,在新县香山湖有机茶园开展有机氨基酸叶面肥的喷施试验。分别设置0.300、0.150、0.075 g/L 3个处理,同时以清水作为对照,每隔1周喷施1次,共3次;于2021年3月30日、4月14日、6月17日采摘新梢,分别测定品质成分、芽叶性状指标与产量,并评价其经济效益。结果表明,喷施有机氨基酸叶面肥能提高信阳毛尖春茶茶多酚与游离氨基酸含量,显著降低春茶的酚氨比;酚氨比以为0.150 g/L处理最低,同时游离氨基酸含量最高,比对照提升了5.05%~5.45%,其中以4月14日采摘的春茶游离氨基酸提升效果最为显著。从芽叶性状来看,0.075 g/L和0.150 g/L处理均能使百芽质量略减,芽密度显著增加,使茶叶更符合高品质春茶的芽叶形状。从经济效益的角度来看,0.150 g/L处理,经济效益增加最多,较对照增加了55.60%。综合茶叶农学和经济效益,0.15 g/L的有机氨基酸叶面肥最有利于信阳毛尖春茶增产增收,但夏茶喷施有机氨基酸叶面肥不会取得显著效果。To test the effect of amino acid application rates on tea yield and quality in organic plantation,a field trial was carried out in the Xiangshanhu organic tea garden in Xinyang.The experiment set three different amino acid concentrations of 0.300,0.150 and 0.075 g/L,and clean water was used as the control.The foliar application was carried out once a week for a total of three times during the experiment.The tea leaves were picked three times,i.e.on March 30,April 14 and June 17.Their yield and quality were also measured,respectively.The results show that organic amino acid foliar fertilizer had great effect on the yield and quality of spring tea leaves and no effect on summer tea leaves.Foliar application of organic amino acid could significantly increase the concentrations of tea polyphenols and free amino acids,while reduce the ratio of tea polyphenols to free amino acids in the spring tea at the same time.At the concentration of 0.150 g/L,the ratio of tea polyphenols to free amino acids was the lowest,but the content of free amino acids was the highest,which was 5.05%~5.45%higher than that of the control.The most significant promotion effect on free amino acids was found in the second batch of spring tea.The concentration of 0.075 g/L and 0.150 g/L slightly reduced the weight of buds,but significantly increased the bud density,which meets the requirement of bud and leaf shape for making high-quality spring tea.From the economic view,foliar applying organic amino acid by concentration of 0.150 g/L showed the best economic benefit,which is 55.60%higher than CK.Considering the comprehensive effects of tea agronomic and economic benefits,foliar application of 0.150 g/L organic amino acid fertilizer is the most conducive way to increase the yield and income of Xinyang Maojian spring tea.However,it would not obtain the same benefit in the summer tea season.

关 键 词：有机氨基酸水溶肥 信阳毛尖茶 品质成分 产量 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]