甘肃高寒阴湿区氮肥施用量对猫尾草生产性能和营养品质的影响  

Effects of nitrogen fertilizing rates on the production performance and nutrient composition of timothy genotypes in alpine and humid regions of Gansu

作　　者：张文轩 李瑞珍 田新会[1] 杜文华[1] ZHANG Wen-xuan;TIAN Xin-hui;DU Wen-hua(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Grassland Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2024年第5期99-105,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260339);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2022CYZC-49);甘肃省重点研发(20YF8NA129);西藏重大专项(XZ202101ZD003N)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究甘肃高寒阴湿区不同氮肥施用量对猫尾草种质生产性能和营养品质的影响,以筛选出所选猫尾草种质的最佳氮肥施用量。【方法】通过裂区试验,研究4个氮肥施用量(A1,0 kg/hm^(2);A2,90 kg/hm^(2);A3,180 kg/hm^(2);A4,360 kg/hm^(2)),对4个猫尾草种质(B1,猫尾草新品系,B2,川西猫尾草,B3,岷山猫尾草,B4,克劳沃1号猫尾草)的株高、枝条数、鲜(干)草产量和营养品质的影响。【结果】4个氮肥施用量中,A4处理下的平均株高和鲜(干)草产量最高,且平均粗蛋白(CP)含量和粗脂肪(EE)含量均较高;4个猫尾草种质中,猫尾草新品系在4个氮肥施用量下的平均株高、鲜(干)草产量、CP含量和EE含量均最高,牧草品质较高;氮肥施用量×猫尾草种质交互作用中,氮肥施用量对4个猫尾草种质的生产性能有显著影响,猫尾草新品系在氮肥施用量为90 kg/hm^(2)时,生产性能和营养品质最好,川西猫尾草和克劳沃1号猫尾草在氮肥施用量为360 kg/hm^(2)时,生产性能最好,岷山猫尾草在氮肥施用量为180 kg/hm^(2)时,生产性能最好。【结论】猫尾草新品系最佳氮肥施用量为90 kg/hm^(2),川西猫尾草和克劳沃1号猫尾草最佳氮肥施用量为360 kg/hm^(2),岷山猫尾草最佳氮肥施用量为180 kg/hm^(2)。【Objective】The study is aimed to clarify the effects of different nitrogen fertilizing rates(A1,0 kg/hm^(2);A2,90 kg/hm^(2);A3,180 kg/hm^(2);A4,360 kg/hm^(2))on the production performance and nutrient composition of different timothy genotypes in alpine and humid regions of Gansu Province,so as to screen out the best nitrogen fertilizing rate and timothy genotype.【Method】A split plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of four nitrogen fertilizing rates(A1,0 kg/hm^(2);A2,90 kg/hm^(2);A3,180 kg/hm^(2);A4,360 kg/hm^(2))on the plant height,number of branches,fresh(dry)yield and nutrient composition of four timothy genotypes(B1:new timothy line,B2:Chuanxi,B3:Minshan,B4:Clover No.1).【Result】Among the 4 nitrogen fertilizing rates,when A4 treatment were applied,the average plant height and fresh(dry)yield were the highest,and the average crude protein(CP)content and ether extract(EE)content were higher.For all timothy genotypes,the new timothy line had the highest average plant height,fresh(dry)yield,CP content and EE content under 4 nitrogen fertilizing rates,and the forage quality was higher.The interaction between nitrogen fertilizing rates and timothy genotypes showed that the nitrogen fertilizing rates had a significant effect on the production performance of the 4 timothy genotypes.New timothy line had the best production performance and nutrient composition under treatment 90 kg/hm^(2).Chuanxi and Clover No.1 had the best production performance under treatment 360 kg/hm^(2)and Minshan had the best production performance under treatment 180 kg/hm^(2).【Conclusion】For new timothy line,the best fertilization amount is 90 kg/hm^(2).For Chuanxi and Clover1,the best fertilization amount is 360 kg/hm^(2).On the other hand,for Minshan,the best fertilization amount is also 180 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：猫尾草 氮肥施用量 生产性能 营养品质 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]