“矜恤远人”:清朝前期的外籍船难救助制度  

“Show Compassion and Care for Those From Afar”:A Study of the Rescue System for Foreign Shipwrecks in the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：周向阳 ZHOU Xiangyang(School of Marxism,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院马克思主义学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2024年第9期63-73,共11页Journal of Huzhou University

基　　金：国家社会基金后期资助项目“清代海难救助制度研究”(21FZSB074)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清朝是中国传统海难救助制度发展的重要时期。清政府积极立法,将外籍船难救助纳入了法治化、制度化的轨道。从思想社会语境、船难救助主体与救护费用、难夷居留中国期间的赈恤、难夷的遣返等方面对清朝外籍船难救助的情况进行探讨,认为其是伦理道德下的国家政治外交活动。该救助制度取得了明显的成效,有利于保障外籍漂流民的生命财产安全,有利于维护清朝的国际地位和国际声誉。The Qing Dynasty was a significant period for the development of traditional maritime rescue systems in China.The Qing government incorporated the rescue of foreign shipwrecks into a legal and institutional framework through active legislation.This paper discusses the maritime rescue of foreign shipwrecks in the Qing Dynasty from the perspectives of ideological and social contexts,the subjects of maritime rescue and rescue costs,relief provided during the stay of foreign shipwreck victims in China,and their repatriation.It argues that such rescues were state political and diplomatic activities grounded in ethics and morality.This rescue system achieved notable results,contributing to the protection of the life and property of foreign shipwreck victims and to upholding the international status and reputation of the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：清朝前期 外籍船难 船难救助制度 天下体系 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]