论辛弃疾在常州词派师法体系中的地位演变  

On the Evolution of Xin Qiji’s Status in the Teacher Apprentice System of the Changzhou Ci School

作　　者：楼天盛 刘深 LOU Tian-sheng;LIU Shen(School of Liberal Arts,Guangxi University,Nanning 530000)

机构地区：[1]广西大学文学院,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《湖北工业职业技术学院学报》2024年第5期49-56,共8页Journal of Hubei Industrial Polytechnic

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“晚清社会转型与咸同词坛研究”(21BZW108)。

摘　　要：为挽清中词坛浙派之弊,张惠言《词选》作立“师”之论,重新提出辛弃疾。董士锡倡“六师”说,上升了辛弃疾的师法地位,以“清”为总体审美宗尚,对辛弃疾的“清雄”风格给出了效仿线索。周济进一步确立四家说,不仅巩固了辛弃疾的师法地位,又开示学词门径,突出了稼轩“痛快”“当行”的词作特质。晚清常州词派诸家,视稼轩为典范,在规范、建构稼轩词风的同时却囿于宗派意识,反而陷入了范式化、规定化的创作误区,体现了常州词派自身发展中的理论矛盾。钩沉稼轩于常州词派师法体系中的地位演变,对重新审视稼轩的词史地位,考察常州词派理论发展过程,探索清代中后期社会转型过程中的词风演变现象均具有重要意义。In order to address the deficiencies of the Zhe School during the mid-Qing era,Zhang Huiyan’s anthology titled“Ci Xuan”introduced a“mentor”concept,reaccentuating the importance of Xin Qiji.Dong Shixi advocated the“Six Mentors”doctrine,elevating Xin Qiji’s standing within the mentor disciple framework,with“clarity”serving as the overarching aesthetic principle,offering a paradigm for replicating Xin’s“lucid and heroic”style.Zhou Ji further formulated the“Four Masters”theory,not only reinforcing Xin Qiji’s position as a mentor but also steering the course for learning Ci poetry,emphasizing the distinctive features of Jiaxuan’s“direct”and“appropriate”compositions.In the latter part of the Qing dynasty,poets from the Changzhou Ci School regarded Jiaxuan as a paradigm,yet while standardizing and shaping the style of Jiaxuan’s Ci poetry,they were hampered by sectarian mindsets,succumbing to the pitfalls of paradigmatic and prescriptive creativity,reflecting the theoretical inconsistencies within the evolution of the Changzhou Ci School.Tracing the progression of Jiaxuan’s status in the Changzhou Ci School's mentor disciple system is crucial for reassessing Jiaxuan’s historical significance in Ci poetry,examining the evolution of the Changzhou Ci School’s theory,and exploring the phenomenon of Ci poetry style evolution during the social transformation in the middle to late Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：辛弃疾 常州词派 师法体系 词风演变 社会转型 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]