横风下风屏障对列车-桥梁系统气动特性的影响  

Research on influences of wind barriers on aerodynamic characteristics of train-bridge system in crosswind

作　　者：李睿 陈嘉辉 李鹏 LI Rui;CHEN Jiahui;LI Peng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第10期3982-3997,共16页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省科技厅计划项目(22JR11RA150)。

摘　　要：采用数值模拟方法探究横风作用下百叶窗风屏障挡板数目、不同旋转角度和不同顶部结构形状对列车-桥梁系统气动性能的影响。通过横向对比分析作用于车身上的气动载荷,揭示有无风屏障对高速列车安全特性的影响。从流场角度阐明风屏障对车桥系统气动特性的影响机理。研究结果表明:风屏障的存在大幅降低了作用于车身表面的气动载荷。在等价透风率下,百叶窗风屏障挡板数量越多,挡风效果越优。当风屏障旋转角度75°时,列车受到的气动载荷最小,挡风效果最好。其中头车侧向力FY与倾覆力矩MX相较于90°时分别减少了13.62%和18.08%,中间车FY与MX相较于90°时分别减少了58.29%与41.95%。百叶窗风屏障顶部挡板向轨道内侧偏转,相较于偏离轨道挡风效果较差。对风屏障顶部结构边缘进行平顺化处理以及增加顶部挡板弧面面积均会减弱挡风效果。The numerical simulation methods were employed to investigate the impact of the number of louvers,different rotation angles,and different top structure shapes of the window wind barriers on the aerodynamic performances of train-bridge systems in crosswind.Through comparative analysis of the aerodynamic loads acting on the train body,the effects of wind barriers on the safety characteristics of high-speed trains were revealed.The mechanism by which wind barriers affect the aerodynamic characteristics of the train-bridge system was elucidated from a flow field perspective.The results show that the presence of wind barriers significantly reduces the aerodynamic loads on the surface of the vehicle.With the same equivalent air permeability,the more louvers there are in the louvered wind barrier,the better the wind-blocking effect.The train experiences the smallest aerodynamic loads and the best wind-blocking effect when the wind barrier is rotated at an angle of 75°.Compared to 90°,the aerodynamic loads on the head car,side force FY and overturning moment MX decrease by 13.62%and 18.08%,respectively,while the reductions of FY and MX for the middle car are 58.29%and 41.95%,respectively.When the top deflectors of the louvered wind barrier deviate towards the inner side of the track,the wind-blocking effect is less effective comparing with those deviating towards the outer side of the track.Additionally,smoothing the edges of the top structure of the wind barriers and increasing the surface area of the top deflectors will both reduce the wind-blocking effect.

关 键 词：风屏障 车桥系统 气动特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]