关于葛雷制学校衰落原因的新思考  

New on the Reasons for the Decline of Grey System Schools

作　　者：燕慧[1] 董佳明 YAN Hui;DONG Jiaming

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学历史文化学院,山东济南250000 [2]济宁市第一中学

出　　处：《煤炭高等教育》2024年第1期87-96,共10页Meitan Higher Education

摘　　要：葛雷制学校肇始于威廉·沃特在1906年对印第安纳州葛雷市公立学校系统进行的大刀阔斧的改革。因其践行了杜威的民主主义教育理念,同时又极具经济效率,被学者们推崇为进步主义教育运动的典范,成为20世纪美国学校改革版图中一颗耀眼的明珠。然而仅仅过了半个世纪,葛雷制学校便在美国销声匿迹了。从兴盛到衰落,其变化之迅速,时间之短促,个中缘由,实应仔细探究。葛雷制学校衰落的原因大致归纳为几个方面:虽施行民主管理但效率才是其首要目的;课程充满生活原理却被学生家长误解为简单的职前培训;面对社会变革无力调整只得被动适应;专注效率问题遭到教师群体的激烈反对。The Grey School began with William Vought's radical reform of the Grey City,Indiana public school system in 1906.Because of its practice of Dewey's democratic education concept and economic efficiency,it has been praised by scholars as a model of progressive education movement,and has become a shining pearl in the American school reform in the 20th century.But,after only half a century,Grey schools disappeared from the United States.From prosperity to decline,it rap⁃id changed,time is short,and the reasons should be carefully explored.The reasons for the decline of Grey schools can be summarized in several aspects:although they are democratically managed,efficiency is the primary goal;courses full of life principles are misinterpreted by parents as simple pre-employment training;in the face of social change,it is unable to adjust but passive adaptation;and the focus on efficiency is fiercely opposed by teachers'groups.

关 键 词：葛雷制 民主 效率 技能课程 

分 类 号：G519[文化科学—教育学]