风场下翼伞系统运动特性研究  

Research on Flight Kinematics of the Parafoil System under Wind

作　　者：董梁 李岩军[1,2] 程杨 余莉[1,2] DONG Liang;LI Yanjun;CHENG Yang;YU Li(Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support,MIIT,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学飞行器环境控制与生命保障工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京210016 [2]南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京210016

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2024年第5期13-22,共10页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52206151,11972192);飞行器环境控制与生命保障工信部重点实验室基金项目(KLAECLS-E-202302);飞行器先进设计技术实验室基金项目(NJ2023004)。

摘　　要：为探究风场对翼伞系统运动特性的影响,建立了翼伞系统六自由度动力学模型,采用龙格库塔法对风场下翼伞系统运动特性进行了仿真计算。在此基础上,开展了翼伞系统在不同风向与不同飞行高度下运动特性变化的对比研究。结果表明:风场会改变翼伞空速,引起气动角变化,导致翼伞气动性能改变,使系统力、力矩不平衡,系统速度、姿态出现波动,而后重新恢复稳定,稳定后速度略大于无风时飞行速度与风速的矢量和;系统在顺风条件下前俯,逆风条件下后仰,侧风情况下会出现明显的滚转、偏航运动;飞行高度通过影响风速与大气密度改变系统平衡速度,高度越高平衡速度越大,但滑翔比与姿态角变化较小。文章所得风场下翼伞系统运动特性变化规律对翼伞轨迹规划及飞行控制有一定应用价值。To investigate the wind effect on the flight kinematics of the parafoil system,a six-degree-offreedom flight dynamics model considering wind interference is established.Runge Kuta method is applied to simulate the gliding performance of the parafoil system,and the numerical results of the parafoil flight kinematics under wind are consistent with the literature qualitatively and quantitatively.On this basis,the flight kinematics of the parafoil system under wind of different directions at different flight altitudes is investigated numerically.The transient variations of velocity,trajectory and attitude angles are compared as well as those at steady state.The results showed that the wind changes the parafoil relative speed to air,leading to different aerodynamics angles and hence aerodynamic performance of the parafoil.As a result,the system dynamics equilibrium becomes unbalanced,and the speed as well as attitude changes rapidly until reaches steady state.The steady flight speed is slightly larger than the vector sum of original speed and wind speed.The system pitches down against the wind,pitches up in the wind,and system exhibits roll and yaw motions in the crosswind.Flight altitude affects the equilibrium speed of the system through the wind speed and air density.The higher the flight altitude,the larger the flight speed,however,the glide ratio and attitude angles are nearly constant.The flight characteristics pf parafoil system under wind in this paper can contribute to the flight trajectory planning and flight control.

关 键 词：翼伞 动力学建模 六自由度模型 运动特性 平均风 飞行力学 

分 类 号：V244.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]