长牡蛎对水环境中汞(Ⅱ)的富集及其甲基化研究  

Study on mercury(Ⅱ)accumulation and its methylation in water environment by Crassostrea gigas

作　　者：于晓清 张帅中 纪蕾 李红艳 姜晓东 赵旭东 王颖 刘天红 YU Xiao-Qing;ZHANG Shuai-Zhong;JI Lei;LI Hong-Yan;JIANG Xiao-Dong;ZHAO Xu-Dong;WANG Ying;LIU Tian-Hong(Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province,Qingdao 266104,China;Municipal Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Biological Quality Evaluation and Application,Qingdao 266104,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋科学研究院,青岛266104 [2]青岛市水产生物品质评价与利用工程研究中心,青岛266104

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2024年第20期61-70,共10页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：山东省自然基金面上项目(ZR2022MD091);山东省海洋科学研究院青年科研配套基金项目(2023003)。

摘　　要：目的研究长牡蛎各器官对海水环境中无机汞的富集与排出、转化与代谢。方法以长牡蛎为研究对象,在不同浓度氯化汞海水胁迫与净化一定时间,分析腮、内脏团等各器官对汞富集与排出、汞甲基化与代谢,评价代谢后各器官中甲基汞的污染指数。根据美国国家环境保护局(United States Environmental Protection Agency,EPA)和世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)推荐的甲基汞参考摄入量,给出建议食用量。结果牡蛎对水体中无机汞的富集速率大于汞的甲基化速率,体内部分无机汞转化为甲基汞,其浓度与外界氯化汞胁迫浓度呈正相关;牡蛎腮中甲基汞的含量较内脏团、闭壳肌、外套膜中的含量更高。当海水中无机汞质量浓度到65.20 ng/L时,代谢30 d后,内脏团、闭壳肌、外套膜中甲基汞污染评价为正常,腮中甲基汞污染评价处于轻度污染。根据EPA和WHO推荐的甲基汞参考摄入量,在海区中总汞含量低于245.20 ng/L时,将牡蛎置于低汞质量浓度的海水中(小于45.20 ng/L)经过一定时间代谢后,可食部分符合众多标准中对于甲基汞限量要求。结论总汞在牡蛎各器官的富集和排出规律符合Kahle双箱动力学模型,各器官内对汞的甲基转化与代谢也可用此模型来模拟计算。本研究可为准确评估汞污染对牡蛎安全生产与风险提供科学依据与数据支持。Objective To study the accumulation,excretion,transformation and metabolism of inorganic mercury in seawater by various organs of Crassostrea gigas.Methods Crassostrea gigas was used to analyze the accumulation and excretion of mercury(II),mercury methylation and metabolism in various organs such as gills and visceral masses,which was farmed under different concentrations of HgCl2 seawater stress and purification for a certain period of time,and then the pollution index of methylmercury in various organs after metabolism were calculated.According to the reference intake of methylmercury recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)and the World Health Organization(WHO),recommendations for safe consumption levels were provided.Results The accumulation rate of mercury(II)in the tissue of oysters was greater than the methylation rate of mercury,and the methylation of portion mercury into methylmercury in the organs was positively correlated with the concentration of inorganic mercury stress.The content of methylmercury in oyster gills was higher than that in visceral mass,muscle,and mantle.When the concentration of mercury(II)in seawater was 65.20 ng/L,methylmercury pollution in visceral mass,muscle and mantle was evaluated as normal after 30 days of metabolism,and methylmercury pollution in gills was slightly.According to the methylmercury reference intake recommended by the EPA and WHO,when the total mercury content in the sea area was less than 245.20 ng/L,the oysters were purification for a while in nature seawater with low mercury concentration(less than 45.20 ng/L),and the edible portion of oysters met the methylmercury limits of a number of standards.Conclusion The results shows that the accumulation and excretion of total mercury in oyster organs are in line with the Kahle double-box kinetic model,and the methyl conversion and metabolism of mercury in each organ can also be simulated and calculated by this model.This study can provide scientific basis and data support for accurately a

关 键 词：牡蛎各器官 汞甲基化 甲基汞 污染评价 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]