外国法律查明与适用的困境及完善路径——基于青岛市123件涉外民商事案件的实证分析  

Practical Dilemmas and Improvement Path to Identification and Application of Foreign Laws:An Empirical Analysis of 123 Foreign-related Civil and Commercial Cases in Qingdao

作　　者：蓝翠玉 周雨柔 LAN Cuiyu;ZHOU Yurou(Faculty of Law,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学法学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期37-46,共10页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：山东省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究项目;山东省社会科学规划研究项目课题“习近平法治思想在山东中小企业营商环境优化中的实践研究”(23CXSXJ08)。

摘　　要：在推进上合“法智谷”建设的背景下,外国法律查明与适用制度的运行状况将对青岛市涉外民商事审判产生更加直接的影响。通过对123件一审涉外民商事案件的实证研究发现,在实践中最终查明并适用外国法律的案件屈指可数、当事人意思自治原则适用受限、法官适用最密切联系原则说理不充分以及查明途径过度依赖当事人与法院。而上述困境背后的原因在于查明成本较高、查明与适用配套路径缺乏。因此,通过履行法院查明义务、完善司法评价机制、探索查明合作机制、建立委托查明制度解决外国法律查明与适用困境为可行之策。In the context of promoting the development of the SCO“Legal Intelligence Valley”,the implementation of a system designed for the identification and application of foreign laws will have a more direct impact on foreign-related civil and commercial trials in Qingdao.An empirical study of 123 first-instance foreign-related civil and commercial cases found that in practice,only a few cases resulted in the identification and application of foreign laws;the parties′autonomy was limited;the judges′reasoning in applying the principle of the closest connection was insufficient;and the means of identification was overly dependent on the parties and the courts.The root causes of these dilemmas stem from the substantial costs associated with the identification and the absence of complementary paths for identification and application.Consequently,it is feasible to solve the dilemmas by fulfilling the court′s obligation of identification,improving the judicial evaluation mechanism,exploring the mechanism of cooperation in identification,and establishing the system of entrusting identification.

关 键 词：外国法律查明 外国法律适用 查明责任 查明途径 上合“法智谷” 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]