无机元素含量特征谱结合化学计量学鉴别不同生长年限的白鲜药材  

Study on Identification of Different Growth Years of Dictamnus dasycarpus Based on Characteristic Spectrum of Inorganic Elements and Chemometrics

作　　者：吴伟 尹海波[1] 王丹[1] 于学霖 马婧洁 骆佳熠 WU Wei;YIN Hai-bo;WANG Dan;YU Xue-lin;MA Jing-jie;LUO Jia-yi(College of Pharmacy,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dalian 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《中药材》2024年第3期587-592,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021JH6/10500179);中央本级重大增减支项目-名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设(2060302);辽宁省卫健委“辽宁省道地药材标准体系建立”项目(2022003)。

摘　　要：目的:确定不同生长年限白鲜中无机元素的含量特征,结合化学计量学模型,探讨利用无机元素特征谱进行白鲜年限鉴别的可行性。方法:样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定21批样品中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Na、Al、N、P和K等11种无机元素含量,绘制白鲜无机元素特征谱,结合主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)、Fisher判别函数和支持向量机(SVM)对测试结果进行系统分析,建立白鲜生长年限的鉴别模型。结果:白鲜中富含K、P、N、Fe、Mg、Ca、Al等元素,其含量随生长年限的延长而呈增加趋势;K、P、N、Fe、Mg、Al、Cu、Mn是白鲜的特征无机元素,利用其可区分不同年份的白鲜,而Mn、Cu、K、Fe、Al等5种元素对不同生长年限白鲜的分类具有显著性影响,可作为其特征性元素,检测结果与样品的实际生长年限吻合,正确率为100%。结论:该方法可有效地鉴别不同生长年限的白鲜药材,且操作快速简便,建议日后修改和完善白鲜药材质量标准时增加此项检测内容,从而提高白鲜药材品质评价的水平。Objective:To determine the content characteristics of inorganic elements in different growing years of Dictamnus dasycarpus,and to explore the feasibility of using characteristic spectrum of inorganic elements to identify Dictamnus dasycarpus.Methods:After microwave digestion of the samples,the contents of 11 inorganic elements such as Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Na,Al,N,P and K in 21 batches of samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-OES).The inorganic element characteristic spectrum of Dictamnus dasycarpus was drawn,the test results were systematically analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA),orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),Fisher discriminant function and support vector machine(SVM),and the identification model of Dictamnus dasycarpus growth age was established.Results:The contents of K,P,N,Fe,Mg,Ca,Al and other elements increased with the extension of growth years.K,P,N,Fe,Mg,Al,Cu and Mn were the characteristic inorganic elements of Dictamnus dasycarpus.It could be used to distinguish Dictamnus dasycarpus of different growing years,five elements,Mn,Cu,K,Fe and Al,had significant effects on the classification of Dictamnus dasycarpus at different growth years and could be used as the characteristic elements.The results were consistent with the actual growth years of the sample,and the accuracy was 100%.Conclusion:The method can effectively identify the different growth years of Dictamnus dasycarpus,and the operation is rapid and simple.It is suggested that the detection content should be added when the quality standards of Dictamnus dasycarpus are modified and improved in the future,so as to improve the quality evaluation level of Dictamnus dasycarpus.

关 键 词：白鲜 ICP-OES 无机元素 特征图谱 化学计量学 生长年限 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]