甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)对莱茵衣藻的毒性效应研究  

Study on the Toxic Effects of Methyl Tert-butyl Ether(MTBE)to Chlamydomonas Rhineae

作　　者：张焱天 Zhang Yantian(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,Shandong,Qingdao,266104;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266104 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2024年第10期33-39,共7页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：中国石化科技部项目(323092),MTBE毒性评估及污染场地生物修复工程菌剂研发。

摘　　要：通过暴露实验,探究MTBE对莱茵衣藻的急性毒性效应,并通过流式细胞术探究MTBE暴露下莱茵衣藻的细胞形态和叶绿素含量的变化。结果表明,MTBE对莱茵衣藻的急性毒性较小,中高浓度(1000~10000 mg/L)下莱茵衣藻的生长被显著抑制,72 h和96 h EC_(50)分别为3896.15 mg/L和2554.00 mg/L。细胞形态学上,10000 mg/L的MTBE暴露下,莱茵衣藻在24~96 h表现出细胞体积减小;所有浓度处理组呈现出细胞颗粒度降低的趋势,表明莱茵衣藻细胞结构受到MTBE的破坏。莱茵衣藻在10000 mg/L的MTBE暴露下叶绿素含量显著下降,表明叶绿素合成功能或受损伤。MTBE引起的细胞形态和叶绿素合成功能的损伤会直接影响莱茵衣藻的生长繁殖和种群数量,进而对水生态系统产生潜在风险。本研究结论可为MTBE的安全使用和合理排放提供参考依据。Methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE),as an important gasoline additive,has been widely used in petrochemical field and detected in water.The acute toxic effect of MTBE on Chlamydomonas rheinae was investigated by exposure experiment,and the changes of cell morphology and chlorophyll content of Chlamydomonas rheinae under MTBE exposure were investigated by flow cytometry.The results showed that the acute toxicity of MTBE to Chlamydomonas rheinae was small,and the growth of Chlamydomonas rheinae was significantly inhibited at medium high concentrations(1000~10000 mg/L),with EC_(50)of 3896.15 mg/L at 72 h and 2554.00 mg/L at 96 h,respectively.In terms of cell morphology,exposed to 10000 mg/L MTBE,the cell volume of Chlamydomonas rhineae decreased from 24 to 96 h.The cell granularity decreased in all treatment groups,indicating that the cell structure of Chlamydomonas rhineae was damaged by MTBE.The chlorophyll content of Chlamydomonas rhineae decreased significantly under 10000 mg/L MTBE exposure,indicating that the chlorophyll synthesis function may be damaged.Studies have shown that the damage of cell morphology and chlorophyll synthesis function caused by MTBE will directly affect the growth,reproduction and population number of Chlamydomonas rheinhensis,which will bring potential risks to aquatic ecosystems.The conclusion of this study can provide reference for the safe use and reasonable emission of MTBE.

关 键 词：甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE) 莱茵衣藻 毒性效应 细胞形态 叶绿素 暴露实验 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]