论梁漱溟晚期的“东方学术”建构——以《东方学术概观》为中心  

On Liang Shuming's Construction of“Oriental Scholarship”in His Late Years:Focusing on His Overview of Oriental Scholarship

作　　者：王玉彬 WANG Yu-bin

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《周易研究》2024年第5期5-12,共8页Studies of Zhouyi

摘　　要：撰成于1975年的《东方学术概观》是梁漱溟晚期思想的代表作品。在其中,梁漱溟提出了一种与科学、哲学、艺术并列的东方学术类别——“修养”,以期彻底改变中国文化与东方学术的失语状态,并在最高程度上确立其学术主体性,证成其学术价值。梁漱溟认为,作为“修养”的东方学术不是任何意义上的“哲学”,而是以生命为关注、以“向内体认”为方法、以生命的自觉与自由为追求的“人生实践之学”,儒家的心学、道家的身学以及兼括身心的佛学共同构成了东方学术的三种流派。在梁漱溟那里,作为“修养”的东方学术体系建构之所以必要、中国文化复兴之所以可能,与社会主义的兴起以及人生“第二问题”(人与人的问题)的临现息息相关。在此意义上,作为“修养”的东方学术并非一种地域化的学术建构,而是一种普遍化的生命实践诉求。The Overview of Eastern Scholarship written in 1975 is a representative work of Liang Shuming's(1893-1988)thought in his late years,where Liang Shuming proposed an Eastern academic category called“cultivation”,which is paralleled with science,philosophy,and art,in order to completely change the silence state of Chinese culture and Eastern academia,and to establish its academic subjectivity to the highest extent and prove its academic value.Liang Shuming believed that Eastern scholarship,as a form of“cultivation”,is not“philosophy”in any sense,but rather a“discipline of personal life practice”that focuses on life,uses“inward experience and recognition”as a method,and pursues self-awareness and freedom of life.The heart-mind-oriented Confucianism,the Daoist discipline of body,and the Buddhist discipline on both body and mind constitute the three schools of Eastern scholarship together.In Liang Shuming's view,the necessity of constructing the Oriental academic system as“cultivation”and the possibility of the revival of Chinese culture are closely related to the rise of socialism and the emergence of the“second issue”of life(the issue among human beings).In this sense,Eastern scholarship as“cultivation”is not a localized academic construction,but a universal pursuit of life practice.

关 键 词：梁漱溟 《东西文化及其哲学》 《东方学术概观》 东方学术 哲学 修养 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]